航空油料在舱室内燃爆危害的数值分析

杨满江; 董张强; 胡洋洋; 武红梅; 刘丽娟

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0240

航空油料在舱室内燃爆危害的数值分析

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0240

1.
中国舰船研究设计中心，湖北武汉 430064
2.
武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院，湖北武汉 430070

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2021YFB4000904）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(WUT:2022IVA086)；湖北省安全生产专项资金科技项目（SJZX20211003）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨满江（1982－　），男，博士，高级工程师，20895928@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘丽娟（1992－　），女，博士，副教授，lijuan.liu@whut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383
计量
- 文章访问数: 388
- HTML全文浏览量: 72
- PDF下载量: 153
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-02
- 修回日期: 2022-11-09
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-14
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-05

Simulation analysis of combustion and explosion hazards of aviation fuel in cabin

1.
China Ship Development and Design Center, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China
2.
School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China

摘要

摘要: 不同舱室结构内航空油料的燃爆参数存在差异，为了解和掌握不同结构舱室内航空油料的燃爆危害性，运用计算流体动力学（computational fluid dynamics，CFD）方法对不同结构航空油料舱室内的航空油料蒸汽燃爆问题进行了数值模拟。结果表明：密闭航空油料舱中的航空油料蒸汽预混燃爆时，油舱各处压力分布较均匀，无隔板密闭舱室和含不完全分割隔板密闭舱室内航空油料的最大燃爆压力分别为0.76、0.74 MPa，即舱室内的不完全分割隔板对航空油料燃爆时所产生的最大压力无显著影响；隔板等特殊结构的存在使舱室内部产生了气流漩涡，增大了燃料消耗的速率，导致火焰面传播速度及压力上升速率增大，舱室内各处燃料的质量分数由火焰面决定。
- 航空油料 /
- 舱室结构 /
- 燃爆参数 /
- 计算流体动力学
Abstract: With the rapid development of air transportation, the safe usability of aviation fuel is extremely important. However, during the storage, transportation and use of aviation fuel, it is very easy to form steam because of its good fluidity and volatility. In case of leakage, it will quickly form a flammable mixture with the air in the cabin, and combustion and explosion accidents may occur in case of fire source, while the combustion and explosion parameters of aviation fuel may vary in different compartment structures. In order to understand and grasp the hazard of aviation fuel combustion and explosion in different structural cabins, a numerical simulation study on aviation fuel vapor combustion and explosion in various structural aviation fuel cabins is conducted by using CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The results show that when the premixed deflagration of aviation fuel vapor occurs in the closed aviation fuel cabin, the pressure changes are more uniform, the flame surface is spherical diffusion, and the combustion reaction mainly occurs on the flame surface. Under the conditions of this numerical simulation, the maximum combustion and explosion pressures of aviation fuel in the closed compartment without partition and the closed compartment with incomplete partition are 0.76 MPa and 0.74 MPa, respectively; that is, the special structures such as incomplete partition in the compartment have no significant effect on the maximum pressure generated by aviation fuel combustion and explosion. The existence of special structures such as diaphragms makes the air flow vortex in the cabin, increases the fuel consumption rate, and increases the propagation speed and pressure rise rate of the flame surface. The change of temperature distribution is highly consistent with the propagation process of the flame surface, while the combustion reaction mainly occurs on the flame surface. The mass fraction of fuel in the cabin is determined by the flame surface.
- aviation fuel /
- cabin structure /
- explosion parameters /
- computational fluid dynamics

HTML全文

图 1 航空油料舱的几何模型及数据监测点的布置示意图

Figure 1. Geometric model of aviation fuel cabins and layout of data monitoring points

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 燃爆过程中各监测点的压力变化曲线

Figure 2. Pressure change curves of each monitoring points during deflagration

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 燃爆过程中各监测点的温度变化曲线

Figure 3. Temperature change curve of each monitoring points during deflagration

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 燃爆过程中各监测点的航空油料质量分数变化曲线

Figure 4. Change curve of fuel mass fraction at each monitoring points during deflagration

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 无隔板舱室燃爆过程中温度分布的变化过程

Figure 5. Temperature distribution change process during the combustion and explosion of the cabin without partition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 含隔板舱室燃爆过程中温度分布变化过程

Figure 6. Temperature distribution change process during the combustion and explosion of the cabin with incomplete partition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(20)

[1]	贾文林. 煤基喷气燃料和RP-3航空煤油及其混合燃料点火特性研究 [D]. 太原: 中北大学, 2022. DOI: 10.27470/d.cnki.ghbgc.2022.000890. JIA W L. Study on ignition characteristics of coal-based jet fuel and RP-3 jet fuel and their blends [D]. Taiyuan: North University of China, 2022. DOI: 10.27470/d.cnki.ghbgc.2022.000890.
[2]	沈晓波, 鲁长波, 李斌, 等. 液体燃料云雾爆轰参数实验 [J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2012, 32(1): 108–112. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2012)01-0108-05. SHEN X B, LU C B, LI B, et al. An experimental study of detonation parameters of liquid fuel drops cloud [J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2012, 32(1): 108–112. DOI: 10.11883/1001-1455(2012)01-0108-05.
[3]	NIU Y H, SHI B M, JIANG B Y. Experimental study of overpressure evolution laws and flame propagation characteristics after methane explosion in transversal pipe networks [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 154: 18–23. DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.03.059.
[4]	SU B, LUO Z M, WANG T, et al. Experimental and numerical evaluations on characteristics of vented methane explosion [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2020, 27(8): 2382–2393. DOI: 10.1007/s11771-020-4456-1.
[5]	LI D, ZHANG Q, MA Q J, et al. Comparison of explosion characteristics between hydrogen/air and methane/air at the stoichiometric concentrations [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2015, 40(28): 8761–8768. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.05.038.
[6]	LI G Q, ZHENG K, WANG S M, et al. Comparative study on explosion characteristics of hydrogen and gasoline vapor in a semi-confined pipe based on large eddy simulation [J]. Fuel, 2022, 328: 125334. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125334.
[7]	HUANG D, LI W. Heat transfer deterioration of aviation kerosene flowing in mini tubes at supercritical pressures [J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 111: 266–278. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.03.117.
[8]	高旭锋, 代萌, 郭士刚, 等. 喷气燃料热氧化安定性测定方法及其影响因素的研究进展 [J]. 石油化工, 2022, 51(7): 857–862. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8144.2022.07.019. GAO X F, DAI M, GUO S G, et al. Research progress on determination methods of thermal oxidation stability of jet fuel and its influencing factors [J]. Petrochemical Technology, 2022, 51(7): 857–862. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8144.2022.07.019.
[9]	李俊, 鲁长波, 安高军, 等. 高闪点喷气燃料最小点火能试验研究 [J]. 消防科学与技术, 2016, 35(11): 1521–1524. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0029.2016.11.006. LI J, LU C B, AN G J, et al. Experimental study on the minimum ignition energy of high flashpoint jet fuel [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2016, 35(11): 1521–1524. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0029.2016.11.006.
[10]	ZHAO Z F, CUI H S. Numerical investigation on combustion processes of an aircraft piston engine fueled with aviation kerosene and gasoline [J]. Energy, 2022, 239: 122264. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.122264.
[11]	LI M H, ZHOU L, SHU Z Z, et al. Gas-liquid hydrodynamics and vortex motion of flame spread over jet fuel in longitudinal air stream [J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2022, 134: 110601. DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2022.110601.
[12]	LEI Z, LU C B, AN G J, et al. Comparative study on combustion and explosion characteristics of high flash point jet fuel [J]. Procedia Engineering, 2014, 84: 377–383. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.447.
[13]	李俊, 鲁长波, 安高军, 等. 抑爆高闪点喷气燃料的抑爆特性 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2017, 31(3): 328–334. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.03.016. LI J, LU C B, AN G J, et al. Explosion suppression characteristics of explosion-suppressive high flash-point jet fuel [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2017, 31(3): 328–334. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.03.016.
[14]	YANG Z Y, ZENG P, WANG B Y, et al. Ignition characteristics of an alternative kerosene from direct coal liquefaction and its blends with conventional RP-3 jet fuel [J]. Fuel, 2021, 291: 120258. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120258.
[15]	RAZA M, MAO Y B, YU L, et al. Insights into the effects of mechanism reduction on the performance of n-decane and its ability to act as a single-component surrogate for jet fuels [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2019, 33(8): 7778–7790. DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b00971.
[16]	ZHAO L, YANG T, KAISER R I, et al. Combined experimental and computational study on the unimolecular decomposition of JP-8 jet fuel surrogates. Ⅱ: n-dodecane (n-C₁₂H₂₆) [J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2017, 121(6): 1281–1297. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11817.
[17]	霍伟业, 林宇震, 张弛, 等. 正癸烷作为航空煤油雾化过程代理燃料的研究 [J]. 航空动力学报, 2016, 31(1): 188–195. DOI: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.2016.01.024. HUO W Y, LIN Y Z, ZHANG C, et al. Research on n-decane as surrogate fuel of aviation kerosene in atomization process [J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2016, 31(1): 188–195. DOI: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.2016.01.024.
[18]	LI Y, WANG Y W, FAN W P, et al. Experiment and simulation of JP-5 vapor/air mixture deflagration in enclosed space [J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2021, 156: 545–558. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2021.10.048.
[19]	FAKANDU B M, MBAM C J, ANDREWS G E, et al. Gas explosion venting: external explosion turbulent flame speeds that control the overpressure [J]. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2016, 53: 1–6. DOI: 10.3303/CET1653001.
[20]	KINDRACKI J, KOBIERA A, RARATA G, et al. Influence of ignition position and obstacles on explosion development in methane-air mixture in closed vessels [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2007, 20(4/5/6): 551–561. DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2007.05.010.