高瓦斯低透气性煤层聚能爆破增透机制

李向上 郑俊杰 宋彦琦 郭德勇 马宏发 王嘉敏

李向上, 郑俊杰, 宋彦琦, 郭德勇, 马宏发, 王嘉敏. 高瓦斯低透气性煤层聚能爆破增透机制[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2023, 43(5): 055201. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0164
引用本文: 李向上, 郑俊杰, 宋彦琦, 郭德勇, 马宏发, 王嘉敏. 高瓦斯低透气性煤层聚能爆破增透机制[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2023, 43(5): 055201. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0164
LI Xiangshang, ZHENG Junjie, SONG Yanqi, GUO Deyong, MA Hongfa, WANG Jiamin. On infiltration enhancement mechanism of shaped charge blasting in high gas and low permeability coal seam[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2023, 43(5): 055201. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0164
Citation: LI Xiangshang, ZHENG Junjie, SONG Yanqi, GUO Deyong, MA Hongfa, WANG Jiamin. On infiltration enhancement mechanism of shaped charge blasting in high gas and low permeability coal seam[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2023, 43(5): 055201. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0164

高瓦斯低透气性煤层聚能爆破增透机制

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0164
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0808402);国家自然科学基金联合基金(U1704242);中国博士后科学基金(2021M701541);中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项重点项目(2019-2-ZD001)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李向上(1991- ),男,博士,助理研究员,xiangshang_li@126.com

    通讯作者:

    王嘉敏(1994- ),女,博士,助理研究员,jasmin1029@163.com

  • 中图分类号: O389;TD235.21

On infiltration enhancement mechanism of shaped charge blasting in high gas and low permeability coal seam

  • 摘要: 为解决常规爆破增透煤层过程中煤体粉碎严重而裂隙发育不佳的难题,进行了聚能爆破煤层增透技术研究。开展了聚能爆破与常规爆破的混凝土致裂实验,对比分析了爆破后混凝土裂隙开裂程度,同时利用超动态应变仪采集了应变砖应变随时间变化的数据。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟再现了聚能罩压垮运移、聚能射流侵彻混凝土的过程,对比分析了聚能爆破与常规爆破应力波传播特征及内部裂隙扩展过程。最后在平煤十矿进行了聚能爆破与常规爆破的煤层增透试验,对比了爆破后抽采孔瓦斯的体积分数。研究结果表明:聚能爆破后,聚能方向上混凝土的裂纹宽度为1.1 cm,垂直聚能方向上混凝土的裂纹宽度为0.4 cm,而常规爆破后混凝土形成的4条主裂纹的宽度均为约0.3 cm。数值模拟结果显示:聚能爆破混凝土的粉碎区呈“哑铃型”,常规爆破混凝土的粉碎区呈圆形,且聚能爆破混凝土的粉碎区面积小于常规爆破的;而裂隙区呈“纺锤型”,且聚能爆破混凝土的裂隙区面积大于常规爆破的,说明聚能爆破技术可有效解决爆破增透过程中煤体粉碎区严重而裂隙区发育不佳的难题,更有利于致裂增透高瓦斯低透气性煤层。现场试验结果同样显示聚能爆破后瓦斯抽采浓度明显高于常规爆破。可见,聚能爆破将更多的能量用在了煤层致裂过程,减小了煤体粉碎区,可有效解决常规爆破致裂煤层时遇到的煤体粉碎严重而裂隙扩展不足的难题。
  • 图  1  爆破药卷平面结构

    Figure  1.  Plane structure of blasting charge coil

    图  2  爆破模型中应变砖的布置示意图

    Figure  2.  Layout of strain bricks in blasting model

    图  3  聚能药管制作过程

    Figure  3.  The production of cumulative explosive pipe

    图  4  爆破后试件破坏情况

    Figure  4.  Photos of specimen failure after blasting

    图  5  常规爆破时各应变砖的应变随时间的变化

    Figure  5.  The strain-time curves measured from strain gauge in conventional blasting

    图  6  聚能爆破时各应变砖的应变随时间的变化

    Figure  6.  The strain-time curves measured from strain gauge in cumulative blasting

    图  7  混凝土的聚能爆破数值模型

    Figure  7.  The model of cumulative blasting for concrete

    图  8  聚能射流形成及运移过程

    Figure  8.  The formation and migration process of shaped charge jet

    图  9  聚能爆破致裂混凝土的过程

    Figure  9.  Fracture expansion process under the shaped charge blasting

    图  10  常规爆破致裂混凝土的过程

    Figure  10.  Fracture expansion process under the conventional blasting

    图  11  聚能爆破与常规爆破后裂隙扩展发育对比图

    Figure  11.  Propagation characteristics of cracks around blasting borehole

    图  12  三级乳化炸药及聚能药管

    Figure  12.  Tertiary emulsion explosive and shaped charge tube

    图  13  聚能爆破装药及封孔结构

    Figure  13.  The structure of shaped charge blasting in hole

    图  14  爆破钻孔方案

    Figure  14.  The specific blasting drilling scheme

    图  15  爆破前后各考察孔内平均瓦斯体积分数

    Figure  15.  The average volume fraction of gas in each hole is investigated before and after blasting

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-04-18
  • 修回日期:  2022-09-27
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-10-19
  • 刊出日期:  2023-05-05

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