Abstract: The method and technology, which can be used to make three-dimensional numerical simulations on the whole process of a long-rod projectile penetrating and exploding in a thick concrete target, are investigated. The related method and key techniques for the corresponding numerical simulations are presented. The suitable constitutive model and the appropriate parameters for the target material, C30 concrete, are determined. The three-dimensional numerical simulations are carried out on the whole physical process of an ogive-nosed rod projectile penetrating to a depth and then exploding in a C30 concrete target. The pictures of damaging effects of the C30 concrete target are shown for penetration and explosion respectively. The simulated penetration results are compared with the experimental ones, and they reach good agreement qualitatively.