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摘要: 为了研究树脂基纤维增强复合材料层板的抗侵彻贯穿机理和动态力学行为与抗侵彻毁伤的关系, 通过球形破片模拟弹贯穿实验表征了复合材料层板抗高速侵彻的吸能特性;通过高速摄影技术分析了层板 贯穿过程的瞬态变形失效特点;采用CT扫描成像及SEM 电镜分析等手段研究了复合材料层板的抗贯穿破 坏耗能模式。实验结果显示,高速冲击下层板抗贯穿吸能与入射速度成正比;高速侵彻过程是复合材料层板 高应变率变形的动态过程,高应变率动态力学行为对复合层板抗贯穿吸能特性影响显著;冲击波在层板中的 传播特性决定了不同破坏模式阶段的划分以及损伤区域的范围。基于复合层板高速贯穿下的动力学瞬态分 析,建立了复合层板抗高速侵彻吸能的两阶段动态破坏模型,模型计算值与实验值符合良好。研究结果表明, 应变率效应与惯性效应在复合材料层板抗侵彻性能分析中是不可忽视的2个关键因素。Abstract: Inordertoinvestigatetheanti-penetrationmechanismandtherelationshipbetweendynamic behaviorandanti-perforationperformanceoffiberreinforcedpolymercomposites(FRP),theexperimentwhichspherefragmentsimulatedprojectilespenetratecompositelaminateswasconductedto characterizetheanti-perforationabsorbingenergyproperty.Thecharacteristicofinstantaneousdeformationandfailurewasanalyzedbyhighspeedphotography, andtheanti-penetratingenergydissipationmodelofcompositelaminateswasinvestigatedbyCTandSEMscanningtechniquesandother methods.Theresultsshowthattheanti-perforationabsorbedenergyoflaminatesunderhighvelocity impactisproportionaltoimpactvelocity,theprocessofpenetratinglaminatesunderhighvelocityisa courseofdynamicdeformationunderhighstrainrateforcomposite,andthatdynamicmechanicalbehaviorunderhighstrainratehasaremarkableinfluenceontheanti- perforationabsorbedenergyof laminates.Atthesametime,thepropagatingcharacteristicofshockwavesinFRPdeterminedthe partitionofdifferentphaseoffailuremodel,anddeterminedthefailurezoneoflaminates.Basedon dynamicsinstantaneousanalysisofpenetratingprocessathighvelocity,thetwo-stagedynamicfailure modelofanti-perforatingabsorbedenergywasestablished,andthemodelagreedwellwiththeexperimentalresults. Itindicatedthatthestrainrateeffectandtheinertiaeffectshouldnotbeignoredinthe researchofantiimpactperformanceofFRP.
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