摘要:
为获得沉底装药水中爆炸冲击波传播和气泡运动的一般规律,设计开展了沉底装药水中爆炸原理
性实验,通过观测记录装药沉底爆炸作用过程,并与装药自由场水中爆炸进行对比分析,得到主要结论:沉底
装药水中爆炸存在冲击波水底反射、气泡运动形成水底射流等复杂的载荷效应;沉底爆炸气泡呈半球形依附
在水底并同时急剧膨胀,其在收缩运动中连带水底介质颗粒迅速上浮,同时,气泡形状在水底射流作用下发生
显著变化;沉底爆炸冲击波压力呈指数衰减规律,无明显二次压力波,但由于水底介质作用而形成较强的水底
反射冲击波,一般使得迭加后的冲击波峰值压力高于入射波阵面压力。
关键词:
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爆炸力学 /
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水下爆炸 /
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气泡 /
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沉底装药 /
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冲击波
Abstract:
Toinvestigatetheshockwavepropagationandthebubblemotionofunderwaterexplosion
fromabottomcharge,principleexperimentsofunderwaterexplosionwereconductedinawatertank.
High-speedcameraswereusedtocapturethegasbubbleformationandcollapse,andpressuretransducerstorecordpressuretimehistoriesatseverallocations.
Comparedwiththeloadingcharacteristics
ofthefree-fieldunderwaterexplosion,someconclusionswereobtained.Underwaterexplosionfroma
bottomchargehasaseriescomplexloadingeffects:shockwavereflection,bubblesharpexpansion,
bubblejetting,andsoon.Duetothebottominfluence,thebubbleshapeandbubblemigrationare
significantlydifferentfromthoseofthefree-fieldunderwaterexplosion,andtheshockwavepropagationtakesonanexponentialdecay,
buthasnotthesecondpressurewave.Forthepointsnearthebottomofthewatertank,
theincidentwavecanbestrengthenedbytheshockwavereflectedfromthe
bottom.