隧道爆破近区振动的预测方法

张在晨; 林从谋; 黄志波; 葛冰洋; 徐亮

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2014)03-0367-06

隧道爆破近区振动的预测方法

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2014)03-0367-06

华侨大学岩土工程研究所，福建厦门 361021

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51109084)；福建省自然科学基金项目(2014j01197);福建省交通科技发展项目(200910)

详细信息

作者简介:
张在晨(1989—), 男, 硕士

通讯作者:
Lin Cong-mou, cmlin@hqu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O389; U455.6
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- 文章访问数: 2984
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-10-09
- 修回日期: 2013-01-23
- 刊出日期: 2014-05-25

Prediction of blasting vibration of area near tunnel blasting source

Research Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China

Funds: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51109084)

摘要

摘要: 将比例距离的概念应用于隧道爆破振动分区中，以速度衰减曲线斜率的大小作为分区计算的依据。在此基础上，提出采用BP小波神经网络的方法预测爆破近区振速，以棋盘山隧道实测数据验证模型的可行性。结合泉厦高速公路大坪山隧道工程实例，对临近既有隧道形式的隧道爆破地震波传播规律进行分析，并对近区振速进行预测。分析表明：（1）在无实测值时，隧道爆破分区可按比例距离大致划分为：比例距离 < 5.0为爆破近区；5.0≤比例距离≤9.0为爆破中区；比例距离 > 9.0为爆破远区。（2）BP小波神经网络爆破近区预测模型不仅适用于新建分离式隧道，也适用于临近既有隧道的新建小净距隧道。研究成果对复杂环境下的隧道钻爆施工具有一定的指导意义。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 地震波传播规律 /
- BP小波神经网络 /
- 爆破近区 /
- 预测
Abstract: The conception of scaled distance was applied to tunnel blasting vibration zoning and the zoning was judged by the slope of velocity attenuation curve.Based on the results, the BP wavelet neural network method for tunnel blasting vibration velocity near tunnel blasting source was proposed, then the method was used in the Qipanshan tunnels to verify the reliability of the model.Combined with the engineering practice of Dapingshan tunnels, new tunnel next to existing tunnel blasting seismic wave attenuation law was analyzed and blasting vibration velocity near tunnel blasting source was predicted.The results show that:(1)The tunnel blasting vibration zoning can be judged by scaled distance as follow:scaled distance < 5.0 for the area near tunnel blasting source; 5.0≤scaled distance≤9.0 for the area between the area near tunnel blasting source and the area remote blasting source; scaled distance > 9.0 for the area remote blasting source without the measured data.(2)BP wavelet neural network can be used to predict the velocity near blasting source in the separated tunnel.Similarly, it can also be used to predict the velocity of new tunnel next to existing tunnel.The conclusions offer references for tunnel blasting construction under complex conditions.
- mechanics of explosion /
- seismic wave attenuation law /
- BP wavelet neural network /
- area near blasting source /
- prediction

HTML全文

图 1 大坪山各隧道关系图

Figure 1. Relationships of Dapingshan tunnels

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 新建左线爆破、既有右线左侧壁振速与比例距离的关系

Figure 2. Relationships between vibration velocity and scaled distance of the existing right tunnel's left side wall by the new left line tunnel blasting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 新建右线爆破、既有右线右侧壁振速与比例距离的关系

Figure 3. Relationships between vibration velocity and scaled distance of the existing right tunnel's right side wall by the new right line tunnel blasting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 中导洞掌子面围岩实测振速与预测振速对比

Table 1. Comparison of blasting vibration velocities between site monitor and prediction of surrounding rock of tunnel face

R/m	Q/kg	R/(m·kg^-1/3)	v_r/(cm·s^-1)	爆破远区经验公式		BP小波神经网络
R/m	Q/kg	R/(m·kg^-1/3)	v_r/(cm·s^-1)	v_p/(cm·s^-1)	e_r/%	v_p/(cm·s^-1)	e_r/%
4.25	36.0	1.287	206	72.03	65.03	151.0537	26.67
4.25	22.4	1.508	165	60.22	63.50	170.964 4	3.61
4.55	36.0	1.378	174	66.68	61.68	133.650 6	23.19
4.55	22.4	1.614	160	55.77	65.14	147.698 0	7.69
4.75	36.0	1.439	113	63.50	43.81	133.378 9	18.03
4.75	22.4	1.685	94	53.13	43.48	103.218 5	9.81
注：v_r、v_p分别为实测振动速度与预测振动速度；e_r为相对误差。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 新建左线隧道爆破、原右线隧道左侧壁质点峰值振速

Table 2. The vibration peck velocity of the existing right linetunnel's left wall by the new left line tunnel blasting

R/(m·kg^-1/3)	Q/kg	Q₁/kg	R/m	v_r/(cm·s^-1)
3.44	216	45	12.25	27.18
3.54	198	35	11.58	16.24
4.29	158	18	11.25	13.10
4.33	158	18	11.35	21.08
4.41	216	45	15.68	13.10
4.42	158	18	11.58	14.95
5.26	216	45	18.71	14.94
5.48	158	18	14.35	8.00
5.54	158	18	14.51	6.49
5.69	158	18	14.92	17.89
6.26	158	18	16.40	9.67
6.54	158	18	17.15	6.68
6.69	216	45	23.79	4.50
7.70	216	45	27.39	7.62
9.26	216	45	32.95	2.93
9.42	158	18	24.68	5.93

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 新建右线隧道爆破、原右线隧道右侧壁质点峰值振速

Table 3. The vibration peck velocity of the existing right linetunnel's right wall by the new right line tunnel blasting

R/(m·kg^-1/3)	Q/kg	Q₁/kg	R/m	v_r/(cm·s^-1)
1.65	198.0	35.0	5.39	33.69
1.83	198.0	35.0	5.98	21.38
1.96	156.2	25.2	5.75	25.77
2.01	158.0	18.0	5.28	14.38
2.03	158.0	18.0	5.32	3.81
2.78	156.2	25.2	8.14	43.66
2.91	156.2	25.2	8.54	32.54
3.08	158.0	18.0	8.07	11.15
3.29	156.2	25.2	9.65	6.57
3.62	158.0	18.0	9.50	13.75
4.49	156.2	25.2	13.16	20.78
5.57	156.2	25.2	16.32	28.70
6.31	156.2	25.2	18.51	5.52
6.39	156.2	25.2	18.73	2.48
6.93	158.0	18.0	18.17	4.10
7.73	156.2	25.2	22.65	12.22
9.72	156.2	25.2	28.51	7.20

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 大坪山隧道爆破近区实测振速与预测振速对比

Table 4. Comparison of blasting vibration velocities near tunnel blasting sourcebetween site monitor and prediction in Dapingshan tunnel

R-/(m·kg^-1/3)	v_r/(cm·s^-1)	经验公式		BP小波神经网络
R-/(m·kg^-1/3)	v_r/(cm·s^-1)	v_p/(cm·s^-1)	e_r/%	v_p/(cm·s^-1)	e_r/%
3.44	27.18	13.011 0	52.13	19.914 7	26.73
3.54	16.24	12.749 0	21.50	17.976 3	10.69
4.29	13.10	11.123 0	15.09	11.759 2	10.24
4.33	21.08	11.050 0	47.58	16.950 5	19.59
4.41	13.10	10.907 3	16.74	15.153 4	15.67
4.42	14.95	10.889 7	27.16	16.852 6	12.73

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