MgH<sub>2</sub>对乳化炸药的压力减敏影响实验

程扬帆; 马宏昊; 沈兆武

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2014)04-0427-06

MgH₂对乳化炸药的压力减敏影响实验

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2014)04-0427-06

中国科学技术大学近代力学系，安徽合肥230027

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（51134012）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（51374189，51174183）

详细信息

作者简介:
程扬帆(1987—), 男, 博士研究生

中图分类号: O389; TJ55
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-11-29
- 修回日期: 2013-03-04
- 刊出日期: 2014-07-25

Experimental research on pressure desensitization of emulsion explosive sensitized by MgH₂

Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China

Funds: Supported bythe National Natural Science Foundation of China (51134012, 51374189, 51174183)

More Information

Corresponding author: Ma Hong-hao, yf518@mail.ustc.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 将储氢材料MgH₂作为敏化剂和含能材料引入到乳化炸药的配方中，通过冲击波动压发生装置和水下爆炸实验研究MgH₂对乳化炸药抗冲击波性能的影响，并与玻璃微球敏化的乳化炸药进行对比。研究结果表明，MgH₂能够显著减弱压力减敏作用对乳化炸药爆轰性能的影响，且同等受压程度下爆炸威力远大于玻璃微球敏化的乳化炸药。最后，通过扫描电镜研究受压乳化炸药微观结构，得出乳化基质破乳和有效“热点”减少是乳化炸药受冲击波作用后爆轰压力降低的主要影响因素。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 压力减敏 /
- 储氢材料 /
- 乳化炸药 /
- 敏化剂
Abstract: For the first time, MgH₂powders both as sensitizers and energetic materials in the emulsion explosive was studied on the effects of shock－wave resistance with shock－wave generator and experiments of underwater explosion.Compared with emulsion explosive sensitized by glass microspheres, emulsion explosive sensitized by MgH₂presents much smaller ratio of pressure desensitization and stronger explosive effect; the microstructure of emulsion explosive was studied with the scanning electron microscope.And the result show that demulsification of emulsion explosive and decrease of effective"hot spot"are key reasons of decrease in detonation pressure of emulsion explosive.
- mechanics of explosion /
- pressure desensitization /
- hydrogen storage material /
- emulsion explosive /
- sensitizer

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图 1 冲击波动压发生装置图

Figure 1. Assembly experimental system producing shockwaves

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图 2 样品在距离压装RDX为50cm时受压后对比照

Figure 2. Photos of emulsion explosives that compressed at 50cm by shockwaves

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图 3 水下爆炸实验示意图

Figure 3. Assembly experimental system of underwater explosion

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图 4 受压乳化炸药压力曲线

Figure 4. Pressure curves of compressed emulsion explosives

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图 5 乳化炸药水下减敏率和冲击波压力与受压距离关系

Figure 5. Desensitization ratios and shockwave peak pressures versus compressed distances

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图 6 乳化炸药试样受压前后的微观图

Figure 6. Micrograms of emulsion matrix before and after compression

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表 1 乳化炸药不同距离受压后爆炸冲击波测试结果

Table 1. The shockwave peak pressures of emulsion explosives at different compression distances

l/cm	玻璃微球型				储氢型
l/cm	p₁/MPa	p₂/MPa	p/MPa	D/%	p₁/MPa	p₂/MPa	p/MPa	D/%
25	5.25	6.36	5.81	100.00	14.27	15.27	14.77	38.97
40	7.84	7.42	7.63	86.41	17.47	17.85	17.66	18.89
50	8.25	8.58	8.42	79.82	17.60	19.65	18.63	12.11
60	8.95	9.37	9.16	73.67	18.40	19.34	18.87	10.45
75	10.38	10.34	10.36	63.64	18.99	18.36	18.68	11.76
未受压	17.60	18.38	17.99	0	20.15	20.59	20.37	0

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