Experimental research on explosion performance of diesel fuel in the external field
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摘要: 通过Ø30 mm杀爆燃弹外场炮击实验，模拟车辆、装备油箱被炮火击中后二次爆炸场景，采用高速照相机、红外热成像仪分别记录引爆柴油过程和爆炸火球的温度场，对比评估普通柴油、含水型柴油和抑爆型柴油的爆炸特性。实验结果显示：炮弹射击油箱瞬间，柴油液滴被抛撒出油箱，与空气快速混合形成气溶胶，并在炸药能量作用下引发爆炸，形成爆炸火球；不同类型柴油的爆炸火球均经历3个发展阶段，但其尺寸、扩展速率和表面温度等有较大差别，普通柴油和含水型柴油的火球这3个参数比较接近，都大于抑爆型柴油；含水型柴油的油箱毁伤容积为108.00 dm3，远高于普通柴油的57.65 dm3和抑爆型柴油的38.15 dm3。研究表明，抑爆柴油中的高分子聚合物能起到较好的抑爆作用。Abstract: In order to simulate the scene of secondary explosion caused by the fuel tank of vehicle, equipment bombarded, the shelling experiments of Ø30 mm fragmentation explosive incendiary shell were conducted in the external field. The process of diesel fuel detonated and temperature parameters of fireball were recorded by a high-speed camera, the infrared thermal imager separately. Explosion performance of ordinary diesel fuel, diesel fuel with water content and explosion suppression diesel fuel were compared and evaluated. The results show that the explosion fireball occurs due to the explosive energy acting on aerosols which result from quick mixing of air and diesel fuel dispersed from the fuel tank at the moment when shells shoot the fuel tank. The development all the explosion fireballs have three phases, but there are still notable differences in the sizes, expanding rates and surface temperatures among explosion fireballs of three types of diesel fuel. These three fireball parameters of ordinary diesel fuel and diesel fuel with water content are similar, which are greater than that of explosion suppression diesel fuel. Fuel tank damage volume of diesel fuel with water content is 108.00 dm3, which is far greater than that of ordinary diesel fuel (57.65 dm3) and explosion suppression diesel fuel (38.15 dm3). The results also confirm the difference between three types of diesel fuel in explosion performance.
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Key words:
- mechanics of explosion /
- explosion performance /
- second explosion /
- diesel fuel /
- fire ball
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图 3 不同柴油爆炸过程的典型照片
Figure 3. Typical photos of explosion process for different types of diesel fuel
图 5 火球表面最高温度随时间的变化曲线
Figure 5. Variation of the highest temperature on the surface of the fireball
表 2 火球表面温度
Table 2. Surface temperature of fireball
柴油 Δt/ms Tm, max/℃ Ta, max/℃ 1 000~1 250 ℃ 1 250~1 500 ℃ ≥1 500 ℃ Ⅰ 1 085 1 333 527 1 588.9 1264.7 Ⅱ 2 190 1 629 31 1 509.9 1 237.5 Ⅲ 391 62 0 1 260.1 1 001.9 
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表 3 油箱毁伤容积计算结果
Table 3. Calculation results of fuel tank damage volume
柴油 D1/dm D2/dm V/dm3 I 2.1 5.0 57.65 Ⅱ 5.0 5.0 108.00 Ⅲ 3.5 2.4 38.15
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表 4 抑爆剂含量对柴油爆炸性能的影响
Table 4. Impact of suppressant content on explosion performance of diesel fuel
w/% γ/(mm2·s-1) pm/MPa 0 3.934 0.606 0.1 6.760 0.574 0.3 16.23 0.348 0.5 32.54 0.202 0.8 79.33 0.152 1.0 148.49 0.157
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