Underwater explosive welding of tool steel
-
摘要: 针对水下爆炸焊接法对超薄、高硬度脆性材料的独特应用特点，开展合金工具钢与铜箔的焊接复合实验。采用高爆速炸药倾斜装药方式，开展实验研究。利用有限元软件ANASYS/LS-DYNA对水下爆炸冲击波驱动飞板的飞行过程进行数值模拟，验证焊接参数合理性。模拟结果显示，飞板与基本碰撞速度沿焊接方向逐渐减小。微观组织观察显示，界面整体表现为爆炸焊接波状形态，呈沿焊接方向逐渐减弱的趋势，与模拟预计结果一致。对焊接实验样品界面处进行显微硬度测试，显示近界面处硬度稍有增加。Abstract: Tool steel and copper were welded together using underwater explosive welding technique, which is preferably adopted for the welding of super-thin and super-hard brittle materials. In this work we carried out experimental research using inclined welding setup for high velocity explosive. Underwater explosive welding process was numerically simulated using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, the simulated results from which show that the colliding velocity decreases in the welding direction. The micro-characterization indicates that wavy is the dominant interface structure and the wavy structure decreases in the welding direction, according with the simulation. In addition, the micro-hardness test of tool steel welded with copper reveals a slight increase of hardness close to the interface.
-
Key words:
- mechanics of explosion /
- underwater explosive welding /
- wavy interface /
- tool steel /
- micro hardness
-
图 5 飞板垂直方向的速度
Figure 5. Vertical velocity distribution ofthe flyer plate along the welding direction
-
[1] 邵丙璜, 张凯.爆炸焊接原理及其工程应用[M].大连:大连工学院出版社, 1987. [2] Hokamoto K, Fujita M, Shimokawa H, et al. A new method for explosive welding of Al/ZrO2 joint using regulated underwater shock wave[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1999, 85(98):175-179. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=b89586aa6abd4221fafa418349de2e77 [3] Hokamoto K, Nakata K, Mori A, et al. Dissimilar material welding of rapidly solidified foil and stainless steel plate using underwater explosive welding technique[J]. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2009, 472(1):507-511. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=b4bf592bbc54c063433f6328dfbdbe9d [4] Manikandan P, Lee J O, Mizumachi K, et al. Underwater explosive welding of thin tungsten foils and copper[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2011, 418(1):281-285. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=1f537d186afe104b24dd5b2354635555&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn [5] Sun Wei, Li Xiaojie, Yan Honghao, et al. An alternative thin-plate welding technology using underwater shock wave[J]. Journal of Adhesion Science & Technology, 2012, 26(10):1733-1743. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/NSTLQK/NSTL_QKJJ0227128957/ [6] Gurney R W. The initial velocities of fragments from bombs, shells, and grenades[R]. Aberdeen: Ballistic Research Laboratory Report, 1943. [7] Aziz A K, Hurwitz H, Sternberg H M. Energy transfer to a rigid piston under detonation loading[J]. Physics of Fluids, 1961, 4(3):380-384. doi: 10.1063/1.1706337 [8] Lyama H, Kira A, Fujita M, et al. An Investigation on Underwater Explosive Bonding Process[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 2001, 123(4):486-492. doi: 10.1115/1.1388007 [9] Johnson G R, Cook W H. Fracture characteristics of three metals subjected to various strains, strain rates, temperatures and pressures[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 1985, 21(85):31-48. doi: 10.1016-0013-7944(85)90052-9/ [10] Daniel J S. Equation of state and strength properties of selected materials[M]. Illinois, 1996. [11] 李晓杰, 杨文彬, 奚进一, 等.双金属爆炸焊接下限[J].爆破器材, 1999, 28(3):22-26. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.1999.03.008Li Xiaojie, Yang Wenbin, Xi Jinyi, et al. The lower limit of explosive welding parameter window for bimetal[J]. Explosive Materals, 1999, 28(3):22-26. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.1999.03.008 [12] Durgutlu A, Gulenc B, Findik F. Examination of copper/stainless steel joints formed by explosive welding[J]. Materials & Design, 2005, 26(6):497-507. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=1ba819aafe688c78697f396c69b54572&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn [13] Kahraman N, Gulenc B, Findik F. Joining of titanium/stainless steel by explosive welding and effect on interface[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2005, 169(2):127-133. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.06.045 [14] Zareie Rajani H R, Akbari Mousavi S A A. The effect of explosive welding parameters on metallurgical and mechanical interfacial features of Inconel 625/plain carbon steel bimetal plate[J]. Materials Science & Engineering: A, 2012, 556(9):454-464. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=a6ac701eed2d941e07db97306a49d345 [15] Grignon F, Benson D, Vecchio K S, et al. Explosive welding of aluminum to aluminum: Analysis, computations and experiments[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2004, 30(10):1333-1351. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2003.09.049 [16] Akbari-Mousavi S A A, Al-Hassani S T S. Numerical and experimental studies of the mechanism of the wavy interface formations in explosive/impact welding[J]. Journal of the Mechanics & Physics of Solids, 2005, 53(11):2501-2528. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=9032e458988fe6d0281fe5dea73ad05e&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn [17] Akbari-Mousavi S A A, Barrett L M, Al-Hassani S T S. Explosive welding of metal plates[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2008, 202(1):224-239. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=29113ab7d6e0d697a52a1ebcbe88b893 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(7)
计量
- 文章访问数: 4359
- HTML全文浏览量: 1234
- PDF下载量: 418
- 被引次数: 0