Experimental study on oblique water-exit of slender bodies
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摘要: 为了获得细长体倾斜出水空泡生成、发展及溃灭过程，基于高速摄像系统对细长体小倾角倾斜出水过程进行了实验研究。通过对比细长体垂直及倾斜带泡出水过程，分析了倾斜出水过程中体现出的新特征及其影响因素。在此基础上，对不同初始倾角及细长体头型对出水轨迹及姿态的影响规律进行了实验研究：细长体姿态及轨迹变化与其初始倾角并非线性相关，与肩空泡的闭合位置密切相关；细长体头型变钝，其水下运动过程稳定性增加。Abstract: Experimental studies of the oblique water-exit of slender bodies are conducted using high-speed camera technology to capture the whole process for exploring the mechanism of the formation, development and collapse of the cavity and examining the factors that affect the cavity evolution. By comparing the process of the vertical and oblique water-exit of slender bodies, this paper analyzes how the initial inclination angle bear on the cavity evolution and the new features that are found during the formation, development and pinch-off of the cavity. The dependence of the slender body's water-exit trajectory and posture on the initial inclination angle and head shape is also discussed, illustrating that the trajectory and posture have a nonlinear relationship with the initial inclination angle, but are closely relevant to the shoulder cavity's closed position. The blunt head shape will increase the stability of the cavity and change the dynamics of the body.
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图 3 细长体垂直和倾斜出水过程的形态
Figure 3. Dynamic features of vertical and oblique water-exit of slender body
图 4 垂直和倾斜与出水过程的速度
Figure 4. Velocities of vertical and oblique water-exitof slender body
图 5 不同倾角下细长体倾斜出水过程的形态
Figure 5. Dynamic features of oblique water-exit of slender body at different initial inclination angles
图 6 不同初始倾角出水过程的速度
Figure 6. Velocities of oblique water-exit of slender bodyat different initial inclination angles
图 7 不同初始倾角出水过程头部运动轨迹
Figure 7. Trajectory of oblique water-exit of slender bodyat different initial inclination angles
图 8 不同头型下细长体倾斜出水过程的形态
Figure 8. Dynamic features of oblique water-exit of slender bodies with different head shapes
图 9 不同头型出水过程的速度
Figure 9. Velocities of oblique water-exit of slender bodieswith different head shapes
图 10 不同头型出水过程头部运动轨迹
Figure 10. Trajectory of oblique water-exit of slender bodieswith different head shapes
表 1 不同初始倾角细长体倾斜出水过程的倾角
Table 1. Inclination angle of oblique water-exit of slender body at different initial inclination angles
β/° v/(m·s-1) α/° αf/° tf/ms σ 90 6.19 7.32 10.20 60 0.104 90 5.72 4.65 10.97 60 0.122 90 5.71 3.40 4.09 72 0.123 
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表 2 不同头型细长体倾斜出水过程的倾角
Table 2. Inclination angles of oblique water-exit of slender bodies with different head shapes
β/° v/(m·s-1) α/° αf/° tf/ms σ 90 5.24 4.65 11.13 78 0.146 120 5.24 4.57 9.91 78 0.146 180 4.76 4.47 5.96 99 0.177
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