Experimental study on gas explosion hazard under different temperatures and pressures
-
摘要: 为了研究瓦斯的爆炸危险性，选取对其影响较大的初始温度和初始压力进行实验研究。运用特殊环境20 L爆炸特性测试系统，对不同初始温度(25~200 ℃)和初始压力(0.1~1.0 MPa)条件下瓦斯的爆炸极限、最大爆炸压力和点火延迟时间进行实验研究。结果表明：高温高压条件使瓦斯的爆炸上限升高、下限降低，爆炸极限范围扩大；随着初始温度升高，瓦斯爆炸的最大爆炸压力逐渐减小；初始温度越高，点火延迟时间越短。通过对实验结果的分析，运用安全原理知识和危险度定义，给出初步评估瓦斯爆炸危险性的方法。Abstract: In order to study the gas explosion hazards under different initial temperatures and high pressures, an experimental study was conducted on methane/air explosion under high temperatures and pressures with a special environmental testing system for studying explosion characteristics, with which the explosion limits were obtained under high temperatures (25-200℃) and high pressures (0.1-1.0 MPa) and so were the maximum explosion pressure and ignition delay time were also under high initial temperatures (25-200 ℃). The experimental results show that with the initial temperature and pressure rising up, the upper gas explosive limit increases, its lower limit decreases, resulting in a widened range of explosive limits. Compared with the narrower range of explosive limits under ordinary temperatures and pressures, the width of the explosive range at 200 ℃ and 1.0 MPa was increased by 101.77% so that the gas explosive probability increases. With the initial temperature rising up, the maximum gas explosive pressure decreases. Compared with the maximum explosive pressure at 25 ℃ and 0.1 MPa, the one at 200 ℃ and 0.1 MPa decreases by 35.89%. When the initial temperature increases, the ignition delay time of gas explosion is shortened. Based on the analysis of the experimental results and the reference of safety principles, a preliminary assessment method of the gas explosion hazard is put forward, which provides a certain basis for the prevention and treatment of gas explosion.
-
图 1 特殊环境爆炸特性测试系统
Figure 1. Test system of special environmental explosion characteristics
图 2 不同初始压力下瓦斯爆炸极限与初始温度关系
Figure 2. Relation between explosive limit and initial temperature of gas under different initial pressures
图 3 不同初始温度下瓦斯爆炸压力变化曲线
Figure 3. Variation of explosion pressure under different initial temperatures
图 4 最大爆炸压力随初始温度的变化曲线
Figure 4. The maximum explosion pressure varying with various initial temperatures
图 5 点火延迟时间随初始温度的变化曲线
Figure 5. Variation of ignition delay time with various initial temperatures
表 1 爆炸上限公式拟合参数
Table 1. Parameters of upper explosion limit fitting formula
p0/MPa a b c R2 0.1 -5.55 374.64 20.97 0.997 2 0.2 -3.29 73.33 19.41 0.972 1 0.4 -4.23 69.39 21.35 0.967 0 0.6 -5.30 83.18 23.52 0.984 3 0.8 -6.17 135.33 25.98 0.997 2 1.0 -6.85 133.29 27.16 0.993 8 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 爆炸下限公式拟合参数
Table 2. Parameters of lower explosion limit fitting formula
p0/MPa a b c R2 0.1 -0.55 -327.28 5.66 0.999 5 0.2 -0.72 -380.04 5.81 0.992 8 0.4 1.04 250.38 3.95 0.995 3 0.6 0.85 180.15 3.99 0.994 0 0.8 0.74 130.58 3.99 0.988 4 1.0 0.69 123.45 3.92 0.982 5
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 部分主要基元反应
Table 3. Partial main elementary reactions
基元反应 化学反应方程式 R38 H+O2=O+OH R53 H+CH4=CH3+H2 R98 OH+CH4=CH3+H2O R118 HO2+CH3=O2+CH4 R119 HO2+CH3=OH+CH3O R155 CH3+O2=O+CH3O R156 CH3+O2=OH+CH2O
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Cooper C M, Wiezevich P J. Effects of temperature and pressure on the upper explosive limit of methane-oxygen mixtures[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 1929, 21(12):1210-1214. doi: 10.1021/ie50240a014 [2] Wiemann W. Influence of temperature on the explosion characteristics and the neutralisation of methane/air mixture[R]. International Conference of Safety in Mine Research Institutes, 1983. [3] Shebeko Y N, Tsarichenko S G, Korolchenko A Y, et al. Burning velocities and flammability limits of gaseous mixtures at elevated temperatures and pressures[J]. Combustion and Flame, 1995, 102(4):427-437. doi: 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00002-N [4] 赵衡阳.气体和粉尘爆炸原理[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社, 1996:23-45. [5] Gauducheau J L, Denet B, Searby G. A numerical study of lean CH4/H2/air premixed flames at high pressure[J]. Combustion Science and Technology, 1998, 137(2):81-99. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=10.1080/00102209808952046 [6] Cashdollar K L, Zlochower I A, Green G M, et al. Flammability of methane, propane, and hydrogen gases[J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2000, 13(3/4/5):327-340. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950423099000376 [7] Gieras M, Klemens R, Rarata G, et al. Determination of explosion parameters of methane-air mixtures in the chamber of 40 dm3 at normal and elevated temperature[J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2006, 19(2/3):263-270. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=d4c91882e6c30ee838be2c12bc6d4931 [8] 肖丹.受限空间瓦斯爆炸特性及其影响因素研究[D].辽宁: 辽宁工程技术大学, 2006. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10147-2007098880.htm [9] 路林, 常铭, 苗海燕, 等.天然气在不同初始温度和初始压力下的燃烧特性研究[J].工程热物理学报, 2009, 30(10):1771-1774. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-231X.2009.10.043Lu Lin, Chang Ming, Miao Haiyan, et al. Combustion characteristics of natural gas at various initial temperature and pressure[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2009, 30(10):1771-1774. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-231X.2009.10.043 [10] 王新, 陈网桦, 都振华.初始温度和初始压力对气体爆轰参数影响的研究[J].中国安全科学学报, 2010, 20(2):75-79. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3033.2010.02.013Wang Xin, Chen Wanghua, Du Zhenhua. Influence of initial temperature and initial pressure on gas detonation parameters[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2010, 20(2):75-79. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3033.2010.02.013 [11] 伯纳德·刘易斯, 京特·冯·埃尔贝.燃气燃烧与瓦斯爆炸[M].王方, 译.北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2010. [12] 王华, 邓军, 葛玲梅.初始压力对矿井可燃性气体爆炸特性的影响[J].煤炭学报, 2011, 36(3):423-428. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201103014.htmWang hua, Deng Jun, Ge Lingmei. Influence of initial pressure on explosion characteristics of flammable gases in coal mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2011, 36(3):423-428. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201103014.htm [13] 李润之, 黄子超, 司荣军.环境温度对瓦斯爆炸压力及压力上升速率的影响[J].爆炸与冲击, 2013, 33(4):415-419. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2013.04.013Li Runzhi, Huang Zichao, Si Rongjun, Influence of environmental temperature on gas explosion pressure and its rise rate[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2013, 33(4):415-419. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2013.04.013 [14] 高娜, 张延松, 胡毅亭, 等.受限空间瓦斯爆炸链式反应动力学分析[J].中国安全科学学报, 2014, 24(1):60-65. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3033.2014.01.010Gao Na, Zhang Yansong, Hu Yiting, et al. Dynamics analysis of gas explosion chain reaction in restricted space[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2014, 24(1):60-65. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3033.2014.01.010 [15] 刘荣海, 陈网桦, 胡毅亭.安全原理与危险化学品测评技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2004:3-4. [16] 彭祖增, 孙韫玉.模糊数学及其应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社, 2002. [17] 陈孝国.模糊综合评价在预防瓦斯爆炸中的应用[J].煤炭技术, 2004, 23(10):57-58. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-8725.2004.10.041Chen Xiaoguo. Application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation in preventing mathane explsion[J]. Coal Technology, 2004, 23(10):57-58. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-8725.2004.10.041 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 6547
- HTML全文浏览量: 2418
- PDF下载量: 710
- 被引次数: 0