水及盛水容器对近距离爆炸载荷影响的实验研究

徐海斌; 钟方平; 杨军; 张德志; 秦学军; 刘峻岭; 史国凯; 梁志刚; 沈兆武

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2016)04-0525-07

水及盛水容器对近距离爆炸载荷影响的实验研究

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)04-0525-07

1.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系, 安徽合肥 230027
2.
西北核技术研究所, 陕西西安 710024

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 11172245

详细信息

作者简介:
徐海斌(1980—)，男，博士研究生, xuhaibin@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: O381
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-11-25
- 修回日期: 2015-04-29
- 刊出日期: 2016-07-25

Experimental study for effects of water and its container on explosion loading near explosive

1.
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
2.
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究用水包围炸药的方式对爆炸载荷的作用机理，在两端开口的钢筒内进行了水直接包覆炸药的爆炸实验，利用光纤位移干涉仪获取了钢筒外壁的径向速度和动态变形。结果表明：不同于无水爆炸，爆轰产物通过水的“裂缝”在空气中形成冲击波，造成该冲击波出现时间更晚、强度更低、持续时间更长，并要求相应的数值模拟采用二维以上的计算模型；盛水结构的材料密度越低、厚度越小对爆炸载荷的影响越小。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 爆炸载荷 /
- 水 /
- 钢筒 /
- 质点速度
Abstract: To explore the mitigating mechanism of detonation of a high explosive surrounded by water, experiments of explosion with and without water were carried out in an open-ended steel cylinder. The particle velocity and the displacement of the outer surface of the cylinder were obtained by an optical-fiber displacement interferometer. The results indicate that shock wave will not be formed in air by the product of detonation until the water surrounding the product is separated to a fissure, which causes the later appearance and lower magnitude of shock wave with a longer duration compared with an explosion without water. It means that two-dimensional or three-dimensional numerical models are required to conduct the simulations of explosions with water. It is also observed that the augment of blast load decreases with the decrease of the density of the water container as well as its thickness.
- mechanics of explosion /
- blast load /
- water /
- steel cylinder /
- particle velocity

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图 1 钢筒置水爆炸示意图

Figure 1. Schematics of the explosion with water in a steel cylinder

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图 2 置水球形装药示意图

Figure 2. Schematics of the spherical charge surrounded by water

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图 3 待注水的爆炸装置

Figure 3. The spherical charge placed in the unfilled shell

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图 4 爆心环面钢筒外壁质点速度-时间曲线

Figure 4. Particle velocity-time curves of the steel-cylinder outer surface centered at the explosion

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图 5 玻璃壳置水爆炸钢筒爆心环面外壁径向位移

Figure 5. Radial displacement of the steel-cylinder outer surface centered at the explosion with water in the glass shell

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图 6 不同情况下爆心环面钢筒外壁径向位移-时间曲线

Figure 6. Radial displacement-time curves of the steel-cylinder outer surface centered at the explosion in different cases

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图 7 PVC壳置水爆炸实测的钢筒外壁质点速度-时间曲线

Figure 7. Measured particle velocity-time curve of the steel-cylinder outer surface centered at the explosion with water in the PVC shell

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表 1 无水和置水爆炸实验结果

Table 1. Measured results of explosion without and with water

m_e/g	m_w/g	c_c/μs			v_p/(m·s^-1)	s_s/mm	γ/%
m_e/g	m_w/g	雷管爆炸	药球表面	钢筒外壁	v_p/(m·s^-1)	s_s/mm	γ/%
60	0	0	39.6	46.0	24.6	0.29	0.47
60	120(玻璃)				132.8	3.12^*	5.0^*(有裂缝)
60	120(PVC)	0	39.6	72.1	69.9	1.94	3.1(有裂缝)
120	0				73^Δ	2.28^Δ	4.2^Δ
180	0				110^Δ	5.15^Δ	8.3^Δ
*指按峰值变形获得的数据；Δ指轴向长度为600 mm的钢筒用探针测量的数据，仅作参考。

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参考文献(13)

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