利用液体炸药爆轰制备石墨烯薄片

孙贵磊; 闫鸿浩; 李晓杰

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2016)05-0715-06

利用液体炸药爆轰制备石墨烯薄片

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2016)05-0715-06

孙贵磊^{1, 3,},
闫鸿浩²,
李晓杰²

1.
中国劳动关系学院安全工程系，北京 100048
2.
大连理工大学工程力学系，辽宁大连 116024
3.
北京大学力学与空天技术系，北京 100871

基金项目:

中国劳动关系学院一般项目 13YY009

详细信息

作者简介:
孙贵磊(1980—)，男，博士，副教授, sunguilei@126.com

中图分类号: O389
计量
- 文章访问数: 4514
- HTML全文浏览量: 1131
- PDF下载量: 449
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-07-01
- 修回日期: 2015-11-08
- 刊出日期: 2016-09-25

Preparation of grapheme by detonation using liquid explosive

1.
Department of Safety Engineering, China Institute of Industrial Relations, Beijing 100048, China
2.
Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
3.
Department of Mechanics & Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

摘要

摘要: 强氧化性酸的环境下，石墨易形成石墨层间化合物(GICs)，利用石墨这一特性，将天然石墨置于发烟硝酸中，并加入硝基甲烷，配制成液体炸药，使用塑料容器盛装后放入爆轰反应釜中引爆。收集爆轰产物，并利用XRD、EDX、SEM、TEM、Raman光谱、比表面积与孔隙度分析仪进行分析，结果显示：制备出的石墨烯具有良好的晶体特性并呈现极薄的片状结构，其比表面积达到天然石墨的9.16倍，平均厚度约为14.73 nm。
- 爆炸力学 /
- 石墨烯薄片 /
- 液体炸药 /
- 爆轰剥离 /
- 比表面积
Abstract: Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) can be obtained when graphite is placed in strong oxidizing acids. Using this characteristic, we prepare liquid explosive by putting natural graphite in strong HNO₃ and mixing it with CH₃NO₂. Then we poured the mixture into a plastic container and placed the container at the center of a detonation reactor to ignite the explosive mixture. After the detonation, we collected and analyzed the soot by XRD, EDX, SEM, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, the specific surface area and porosity analyzer. Results indicate that the prepared grapheme possesses perfect crystal properties and exhibits a structure of thin sheets, with a specific surface area 9.16 times that of natural graphite and an average thickness of about 14.73 nm.
- mechanics of explosion /
- grapheme flakes /
- liquid explosive /
- detonation split /
- specific surface area

HTML全文

图 1 天然石墨与爆轰产物的XRD图谱

Figure 1. XRD patterns of natural graphite and detonation soot

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 天然石墨与爆轰产物的SEM与TEM图

Figure 2. SEM and TEM images of natural graphite and detonation soot

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 石墨烯的Raman光谱

Figure 3. Raman spectrum of grapheme

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同孔径及所对应的表面积

Figure 4. Pore diameters and corresponding surface areas

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 利用XRD测得的天然石墨与爆轰产物的参数

Table 1. Parameters of natural graphite and detonation soot from XRD

样品	2θ/(°)	d₀₀₂/nm	B₀₀₂/pm	D/nm
爆轰产物	26.48	0.34	9.67	14.73
天然石墨	26.54	0.34	3.57	39.95

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(18)

[1]	Basua S, Bhattacharyyab P. Recent developments on graphene and graphene oxide based solid state gas sensors[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2012, 173:1-21. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=f623ef920d1f3f88257d361964359c33
[2]	江莞, 范宇驰, 刘霞, 等.机械剥离法制备石墨烯及其在石墨烯/陶瓷复合材料制备中的应用[J].中国材料进展, 2011, 30(1):12-20. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgcljz201101004 Jiang Wan, Fan Yuchi, Liu Xia, et al. Preparation of graphene by mechanical exfoliation and its application in preparation of graphene/ceramic composites[J]. Materials China, 2011, 30(1):12-20. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgcljz201101004
[3]	Hernandez Y, Nicolosi V, Lotya M, et al. High-yield production of graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 2008, 3(9):563-568. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2008.215
[4]	Qian Wen, Hao Rui, Hou Yanglong, et al. Solvothermal-assisted exfoliation process to produce graphene with high yield and high quality[J]. Nano Research, 2009, 2(9):706-712. doi: 10.1007/s12274-009-9074-z
[5]	Sun Guilei, Li Xiaojie, Yan honghao. Detonation of expandable graphite to make micron powder[J]. New Carbon Material, 2007, 22(3):242-246. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=xxtcl200703008
[6]	Heer W A de, Berger C, Wu Xiaosong, et al. Epitaxial graphene[J]. Solid State Communications, 2007, 143(1/2):92-100. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/wlhxxb201001040
[7]	Wang Zhijuan, Zhou Xiaozhu, Zhang Juan, et al. Direct electrochemical reduction of single-layer graphene oxide and subsequent functionalization with glucose oxidase[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, 113(32):14071-14075. doi: 10.1021/jp906348x
[8]	Keun Soo Kim, Zhao Yue, Jang Houk, et al. Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes[J]. Nature, 2009, 457(7230):706-710. doi: 10.1038/nature07719
[9]	Sun Guilei, Li Xiaojie, Wang Qiquan, et al. Synthesis of carbon-coated iron nanoparticles by detonation technique[J]. Materials Research Bulletin, 2010, 45(5):519-522. doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2010.02.004
[10]	Sun Guilei, Li Xiaojie, Yan Honghao, et al. A simple detonation method to synthesize carbon-coated cobalt[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 473(1/2):212-214. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925838808008074
[11]	Luo Ning, Li Xiaojie, Wang Xiaohong, et al. Synthesis and characterization of carbon-encapsulated iron/iron carbide nanoparticles by a detonation method[J]. Carbon, 2010, 48(13):3858-3863. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.06.051
[12]	孙贵磊.球状纳米铜颗粒的爆轰法制备[J].爆炸与冲击, 2012, 32(3):273-277. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2012.03.008 Sun Guilei. Spherical copper nano-particles prepared by a detonation technique[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2012, 32(3):273-277. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2012.03.008
[13]	李瑞勇, 闫鸿浩, 王小红, 等.粉状混合炸药爆轰合成纳米氧化铝实验研究[J].爆炸与冲击, 2013, 33(增刊):157-160. Li Ruiyong, Yan Honghao, Wang Xiaohong, et al. Ultrafine aluminum oxide particles prepared by detonation of powder explosive mixtures[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2013, 33(suppl):157-160.
[14]	曲艳东, 李晓杰, 张越举, 等.硫酸亚钛爆轰制备纳米TiO₂粒子[J].功能材料, 2006, 11(37):1838-1840. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gncl200611046 Qu Yandong, Li Xiaojie, Zhang Yueju, et al. Prepation of nanosized TiO₂ particles utilizing Ti₂(SO₄)₃ by detonation technique[J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2006, 11(37):1838-1840. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gncl200611046
[15]	孙贵磊, 闫鸿浩, 李晓杰.爆轰制备球形纳米γ-Fe₂O₃粉末[J].材料开发与应用, 2006, 21(5):5-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1545.2006.05.002 Sun Guilei, Yan Honghao, Li Xiaojie, et al. Synthesis of nanometer globuler γ-Fe₂O₃ powder through detonation[J]. Development and Application of Materials, 2006, 21(5):5-7. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1545.2006.05.002
[16]	Xie Xinghua, Li Xiaojie, Zhao Zheng, et al. Growth and morphology of nanometer LiMn₂O₄ powder[J]. Powder Technology, 2006, 169(3):143-146. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2006.08.007
[17]	王小红, 李晓杰, 张越举, 等.爆轰法制备纳米MnFe₂O₄的实验研究[J].高压物理学报, 2007, 21(2):173-177. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5773.2007.02.009 Wang Xiaohong, Li Xiaojie, Zhang Yueju, et al. Experiment research of nano manganese ferrite powders prepared by detonation method[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2007, 21(2):173-177. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5773.2007.02.009
[18]	He Chunnian, Zhao Naiqin, Shi Chunsheng, et al. A practical method for the production of hollow carbon onion particles[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2006, 425(1):329-333. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=7571df244585eaa99041092a58df03bf