爆轰加载下金属材料的微层裂现象

陈永涛; 洪仁楷; 陈浩玉; 胡海波; 汤铁钢

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2017)01-0061-07

摘要: 通过在LiF窗口撞击镀膜面增加一薄层LiF和对LiF窗口反光面进行漫反射面镀膜处理的方法，对传统Asay窗诊断技术进行了改进，获得了微层裂物质高质量的实验信号。将改进后Asay窗技术与中能X射线照相及激光干涉测速技术相结合，实验给出了熔化状态下Sn材料微层裂物质不同时刻的密度空间分布图像及演化特征，且不同测试技术诊断结果半定量吻合。得到Sn材料微层裂物质的清晰物理图像，可为微层裂物理机理的认识和物理建模提供实验数据。

关键词:

Abstract: Spallation process of melted metal on release or shock attracts considerable attention for basic weapon physics studies and engineering applications. In the present study, numerous cavitations within the shocked metal were initiated to induce the liquid fragments, defined as the micro-spall, revealing discrete and quasi-continuous spatial distributions, validated by proton radiography experiments. Here we improved the traditional Asay-window technique by attaching a thin LiF layer on the impacted plate of the LiF window and contriving a diffuse reflection interface. With these two optimized design, we successfully detected high-quality signals of micro-spalling fragments. Combining the medium-energy X-ray with the DPS diagnostic technique, we obtained clear volume-density distributions and evolution character for micro-spalling productions of melting Sn at different moments. We found the semiquantitative findings among the two tools are in good agreement. These clear images provide convinced experimental evidences for understanding the mechanism of the micro-spalling phenomenon and also offer useful data for theoretical modeling.

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图 1 实验装置结构及诊断技术布局示意图

Figure 1. Schematics of experimental setup and diagnostic geometry

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图 2 Asay窗结构示意图

Figure 2. Asay-window diagnostic technology

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图 3 DPS测量Sn样品自由面速度

Figure 3. Free surface velocity of Sn detected by DPS

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图 4 DPS测量Sn/LiF界面速度剖面

Figure 4. Interface velocity of Sn/LiF detected by DPS

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图 5 击波在界面反射前Sn自由面附近压力

Figure 5. Pressure of Sn free surface before wave reflection

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图 6 X射线诊断Sn样品典型灰度图像

Figure 6. Radiographs of Sn sample by X-ray

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图 7 13.2 μs时刻Sn样品空间分布图像

Figure 7. Spatial distribution image of Sn sample at 13.2 μs

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图 8 22.5 μs时刻Sn样品空间分布图像

Figure 8. Spatial distribution image of Sn sample at 22.5 μs

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图 9 Asay窗诊断LiF窗口界面速度

Figure 9. Interface velocity of LiF detected by Asay-window

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图 10 Asay窗诊断的密度空间分布

Figure 10. Density-distance distribution detected by Asay-window

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