压应力场中爆生裂纹分布与扩展特征实验分析

杨立云; 马佳辉; 王学东; 张五成; 张磊

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2017)02-0262-07

压应力场中爆生裂纹分布与扩展特征实验分析

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)02-0262-07

中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院，北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51404273

高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(新教师类)项目 20120023120020

详细信息

作者简介:
杨立云(1983—)，男，博士，副教授，yangly@cumtb.edu.cn

中图分类号: O381;O348.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-09-17
- 修回日期: 2015-12-26
- 刊出日期: 2017-03-25

Experimental study on blasting crack initiation and propagation behaviorin compression stress field

School of Mechanics & Civil Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 采用动静组合加载实验装置和数字激光焦散线实验系统，进行了0、3、6、9 MPa等4种压应力场中PMMA试件的爆破致裂实验，分析了沿静态主应力方向扩展的裂纹运动学和力学行为。实验结果表明：首先，静态竖向载荷在预制炮孔周围产生应力集中，在炮孔壁上下端部处出现最大拉应力；随后，在动态爆炸载荷的叠加作用下，裂纹优先在炮孔壁上最大拉应力位置处起裂，并沿最大主应力方向扩展；裂纹扩展过程中，静态竖向载荷越大，裂纹扩展速度越大，且裂纹尖端应力强度因子值越大。
- 焦散线实验 /
- 动静组合应力场 /
- 爆生裂纹 /
- 动态应力强度因子
Abstract: The digital-laser dynamic caustics system in combination with a static-dynamic loading device was utilized in the blasting fracturing test, in which the PMMA specimens underwent four kinds of vertical static stresses (0, 3, 6 and 9 MPa, respectively) with the strictly same total charge. By using the fracture mechanics theory, the mechanism of the fracture and propagation behaviors of the cracks along the static principle stresses was analyzed. The result indicates that the stress concentration is first created under the pre-applied vertical stress field around the borehole, where the maximum tensile stress is located on the borehole wall corresponding to the far-field maximum principle stress direction. Then, when disturbed by the dynamic loads induced by blasting, the crack is precociously initiated from the maximum tensile stress point and extends along the maximum principle stress direction. Furthermore, the crack velocity increases accordingly with higher vertical pre-static stresses; the greater the crack velocity increases, the higher the stress intensity factor of the crack tip.
- caustics /
- dynamic-statics stress field /
- blast-induced crack /
- dynamic stress intensity factor

HTML全文

图 1 裂纹尖端焦散线示意图

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of caustics at a crack tip

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图 2 圆孔周围焦散线示意图

Figure 2. Schematic illustration of caustics surrounding a circle hole

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图 3 新型焦散线实验系统

Figure 3. Optical setup of new-type caustics system

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图 4 动静组合加载系统

Figure 4. Static and dynamic combination loading system

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图 5 围压作用下炮孔周围的焦散线

Figure 5. Caustics induced by the compression

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图 6 爆破后的试件

Figure 6. Specimens after blasting

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图 7 不同时刻的焦散线照片(试件S4)

Figure 7. Caustics of specimen S4 at different times

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图 8 裂纹扩展长度随时间的变化

Figure 8. Crack length varying with time

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图 9 应力强度因子随时间的变化

Figure 9. Dynamic stress intensity factor varying with time

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表 1 炮孔周围静态焦散线结果

Table 1. Result of caustics surrounding the blasthole

(p-q)/MPa D/mm

理论实验

0 6.0 6.0

3 11.1 11.0

6 13.2 13.0

9 14.6 14.5

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