新型空壳颗粒材料在人防工程中应用的实验研究

孙晓旺; 李永池; 叶中豹; 赵凯; 张春晓; 马剑; 张永亮

doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0643-06

新型空壳颗粒材料在人防工程中应用的实验研究

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0643-06

1.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系，安徽合肥 230027
2.
总参工程兵科研三所，河南洛阳 471023

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 11472008

国家自然科学基金项目 1402266

安徽省自然科学基金重点项目 KJ2016A315

详细信息

作者简介:
孙晓旺(1987-)，男，博士，讲师

通讯作者:
赵凯，kzhao@ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: O381
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-12-18
- 修回日期: 2016-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2017-07-25

Experimental study of a novel shelly cellular material used in civil defense engineering

1.
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
2.
The Third Engineer Scientific Research Institute of the Headquaters of the General Staff, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China

摘要

摘要: 研发了一种内衬PVC壳体，外裹泡沫陶瓷壳体的新型空壳颗粒作为人防结构分配层。通过大比尺化爆实验，研究了爆炸载荷下新型空壳颗粒分配层人防结构和普通黄沙分配层人防结构的破坏情况和冲击波传播规律。实验证明：同样当量爆炸载荷下，相对黄沙分配层，新型空壳颗粒分配层可以降低应力峰值50%左右；相对常规空壳颗粒，新型空壳颗粒分配层受损情况显著减小。这表明：新型空壳颗粒作为人防工程的分配层兼具显著的削波耗能效果和抵抗二次爆炸的能力，因此可以提高人防工程的抗爆能力，具有广阔的军事应用前景。
- 新型空壳颗粒 /
- 人防工程结构 /
- 分配层 /
- 爆炸波 /
- 削波耗能
Abstract: A novel shelly cellular material made of PVC lining and foamed ceramics shell was developed in this paper. Large scaled explosion tests were performed to study the damage condition and energy absorption performances of civil defense engineering using sand or the novel shelly cellular material as the attenuation layer. The test results show that the energy dissipation capacity of the shelly cellular material is better than that of sand, and the maximum stress in the test using novel material as the attenuation layer decreases by about 50% compared to that when using sand as the attenuation layer under the same explosion loading. In addition, the damage degree is much smaller compared with the conventional shelly cellular material. Therefore, it can be concluded that the novel shelly cellular material can significantly improve the capability of civil defense engineering and have broad prospects of military application.
- novel shelly cellular material /
- civil defense /
- attenuation layer /
- explosion wave /
- anti-explosion performance

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图 1 实验方案示意及压力测点分布图

Figure 1. Sketch of test and sensor distribution

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图 2 泡沫陶瓷壳体

Figure 2. Ceramic foam shell

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图 3 新型空壳颗粒材料

Figure 3. Novel shelly cellular material

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图 4 试件的破坏形态

Figure 4. Failure patterns of specimens

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图 5 标准试验和对比试验中测点S2波形对比

Figure 5. Comparison of waveform of sensor S2 in standard test with that in contrast test

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图 6 黄沙与泡沫陶瓷应变能示意图

Figure 6. Sketch of strain energies of sand and foamed ceramic

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表 1 材料参数

Table 1. Material parameters

材料	ρ/(kg/m³)	K/MPa	G/MPa	S_f/MPa
C40钢筋混凝土	2 500	19 910	14 860
黄沙	1 800	3 000	600
泡沫陶瓷	930	510	540	8.5

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表 2 4次实验的冲击波数据对比

Table 2. Contrast of shock wave data in four tests

测点	作用时间/ms				上升沿/ms				应力峰值/MPa				总冲量/(kN·s)
测点	标准实验1	标准实验2	对比实验1	对比实验2	标准实验1	标准实验2	对比实验1	对比实验2	标准实验1	标准实验2	对比实验1	对比实验2	标准实验1	标准实验2	对比实验1	对比实验2
S1	-	6.5	11.7	11.7	-	0.4	2.1	2.0	-	1.51	0.50	0.52	-	9.554	3.849	3.101
S2		8.1	17.9	14.0	-	0.5	2.9	2.5	-	4.20	2.07	2.02	-	13.928	11.759	10.447
S3	10.0	9.5	17.9	17.2	0.5	0.4	3.3	3.1	1.58	1.38	0.68	0.85	8.796	11.300	7.788	7.594
S4	-	-	13.3	12.1	-	-	2.1	1.9	-	-	0.54	0.77	-	-	3.452	3.980
S5	5.8	-	12.5	12.1	0.3	-	2.4	2.1	5.40	-	1.65	1.35	18.922	-	16.738	10.064
S6	-	6.6	10.5	9.5	-	0.2	1.6	1.3	-	2.10	0.70	0.47	-	13.606	3.786	3.333
S7	-	8.8	16.3	14.8	-	0.5	3.3	3.0	-	1.64	1.05	0.42	-	12.623	11.120	10.962

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表 3 7个测点的B值

Table 3. B values of 7 sensors

对比项	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5	S6	S7
本实验B值	0.34	0.49	0.48	-	0.31	0.28	0.45
文献[5]中B值	-	0.31	0.58	0.39	0.44	0.39	0.58

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参考文献(6)

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