侧向起爆条件下的爆炸能量分布及其对破岩效果的影响

冷振东 卢文波 范勇 陈明 严鹏

冷振东, 卢文波, 范勇, 陈明, 严鹏. 侧向起爆条件下的爆炸能量分布及其对破岩效果的影响[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2017, 37(4): 661-669. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0661-09
引用本文: 冷振东, 卢文波, 范勇, 陈明, 严鹏. 侧向起爆条件下的爆炸能量分布及其对破岩效果的影响[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2017, 37(4): 661-669. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0661-09
Leng Zhendong, Lu Wenbo, Fan Yong, Chen Ming, Yan Peng. Explosion energy distribution by side initiation and its effects on rock fragmentation[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2017, 37(4): 661-669. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0661-09
Citation: Leng Zhendong, Lu Wenbo, Fan Yong, Chen Ming, Yan Peng. Explosion energy distribution by side initiation and its effects on rock fragmentation[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2017, 37(4): 661-669. doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0661-09

侧向起爆条件下的爆炸能量分布及其对破岩效果的影响

doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2017)04-0661-09
基金项目: 

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目 2011CB013501

国家自然科学基金项目 51609127

详细信息
    作者简介:

    冷振东(1989—),男,博士研究生

    通讯作者:

    卢文波, wblu@whu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: O383.1; TV554

Explosion energy distribution by side initiation and its effects on rock fragmentation

  • 摘要: 为了提高不同岩石中爆破破岩的能量利用率,分析了导爆索侧向起爆和一端起爆条件下的爆炸冲击能和爆生气体能的分布规律,并结合响水沟过渡料爆破开采实验,对比了这两种起爆方式下的爆破块度级配曲线。结果表明,侧向起爆和一端起爆条件下的爆炸冲击能和爆生气体能的分布有着很大差异。可以通过改变起爆方式来调整用于爆破破岩的冲击能和气体能的比例,以提高爆破破岩的能量利用率。此在基础上,提出了不同强度岩体中起爆方式选择的原则,导爆索侧向起爆适用于软岩和裂隙岩体的爆破破碎以及轮廓爆破,而在硬岩中的级配料爆破开采则不宜采用侧向起爆。
  • 图  1  炸药在冲击波激发下的爆轰过程

    Figure  1.  Detonation process of explosives under shock wave

    图  2  普通导爆索结构示意图

    Figure  2.  Structural schematics of a detonating cord

    图  3  导爆索侧向起爆下的炮孔内的爆轰过程

    Figure  3.  Detonation process of side initiation in the borehole

    图  4  一端起爆爆轰示意图

    Figure  4.  Detonation process of end initiation in the borehole

    图  5  冲击能和气体能的分布随导爆索爆速的变化

    Figure  5.  Partition of shock and gas energies varying with detoantion velocity of detonating cord

    图  6  冲击能和气体能的分布随dru/db的变化

    Figure  6.  Partition of shock and gas energies varying with dru/db

    图  7  一端起爆和侧向起爆时的p-V曲线

    Figure  7.  p-V curves for side initiation and end initiation

    图  8  侧向起爆和一端起爆在不同岩石中的能量利用

    Figure  8.  Energy utilization for hard and soft rocks with side and end initiations, respectively

    图  9  装药结构示意图

    Figure  9.  Schematics of charge structures

    图  10  4组实验爆破块度分布曲线

    Figure  10.  Fragment size distributions of four blasting field tests

    表  1  长河坝过渡料开采爆破实验参数

    Table  1.   Blasting parameters for transition material excavation field tests

    爆破参数 编号A、B 编号C、D
    侧向起爆 一端起爆 侧向起爆 一端起爆
    炮孔直径/mm 120 120 90 90
    台阶高度H/m 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0
    超深Δh/m 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
    钻孔深度L/m 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5
    钻孔倾角θ/(°) 90 90 90 90
    孔距×排距/(m×m) 2.3×2.0 2.3×2.0 1.85×1.85 1.85×1.85
    堵塞长度Ls/m 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
    单耗q/(kg·m-3) 2.2 2.2 1.8 1.8
    装药结构 连续耦合 连续耦合 连续不耦合 连续不耦合
    起爆网络 V形起爆 V形起爆 V形起爆 V形起爆
    炸药品种 散装乳化炸药 散装乳化炸药 2#岩石乳化炸药 2#岩石乳化炸药
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  4组爆破破碎结果统计

    Table  2.   Summary of fragmentation results of four groups field tests

    实验区域 起爆方式 d50/mm Cu Cc 产出率/% dmax/mm
    d < 5 mm d>110 mm
    A 侧向起爆 111 11.21 2.55 5.20 29.03 520
    一端起爆 75 24.72 2.90 11.50 11.37 320
    B 侧向起爆 100 12.45 1.62 5.56 27.76 500
    一端起爆 86 30.29 2.74 11.90 11.55 310
    C 侧向起爆 114 10.00 2.66 4.68 27.12 470
    一端起爆 105 12.64 2.83 8.26 11.10 < 300
    D 侧向起爆 73 15.40 2.62 8.63 16.56 < 300
    一端起爆 64 21.67 2.79 12.25 7.72 < 300
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2015-09-28
  • 修回日期:  2016-03-21
  • 刊出日期:  2017-07-25

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