Influence of cylindrical shell on spatial distribution of pressure during propagation of divergent shockwave
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摘要: 结合实验和数值模拟，研究了散心冲击波在金属柱壳约束下沿有机玻璃内部的空间分布。进行了点起爆柱状炸药驱动飞片加载实验，采用Polyvinylidence Fluoride (PVDF)测试方法对有机玻璃内部的压力进行测试。实验结果显示：在冲击波传播过程中，在特定传播距离处，离中心轴越近，冲击波第一幅值压力越小，这是因为散心冲击驱动飞片成前凸形状，在飞片飞行过程中与有机玻璃碰撞面积越来越大，在远离对称轴部位冲击压力叠加累积效应更强引起的；但在随后的冲击波传播过程中，由于受到柱壳约束影响，离对称轴越近，冲击波幅值越小，这是由散心冲击波在约束柱壳边界反射与冲击波波阵面叠加的结果。通过对炸药网格大变形溢出柱壳翻转进行合理处理，对实验进行了数值模拟。数值模拟结果所得的冲击压力沿径向分布规律计算结果与实验结果定性相符。最后探讨了不同约束程度对这一规律的影响程度，结果表明，后续的冲击波幅值随着约束的增加而急剧增加。Abstract: The propagation and spatial distribution of the divergent shock wave in PMMA under the restriction of a metal cylindrical shell were studied using experiment and numerical simulation. The flyer was driven by the cylinder high explosive initiated by a detonator at the center of the free surface and the inner pressure of PMMA was measured by PVDF. The experiment shows that the closer to the axis at a unique spot, the smaller the first pressure amplitude, which is the result of the increased impacted area of PMMA by the forward convex-shaped flyer due to the divergent shock wave and the increased integrative and accumulative effect of the pressure beyond the axis. But during the subsequent propagation of the shock wave, the closer to the axis, the smaller the pressure amplitude, which is the result of the interaction between the shock wave front and the reflection of the divergent shock wave from the cylindrical shell. The numerical simulation was performed well by adjusting the severe distortion of the mesh which may cause the termination of the calculation. The trend of the numerical result is in qualitative agreement with that of the experiment. Finally, we discussed the effect of different shell materials on the law of the distribution of the shock wave, and it is shown that the subsequent pressure increases as the heavy density of the cylindrical shell increases.
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Key words:
- impact dynamics /
- PVDF /
- attenuation of shock wave /
- attenuation
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图 4 第一发实验PVDF测试结果
Figure 4. Voltage curves measured with PVDF gauge in the first experiment
图 5 第二发实验PVDF测试结果
Figure 5. Voltage and pressure curves measured with PVDF gauge in the second experiment
图 9 冲击波在柱壳约束下的传播过程计算结果
Figure 9. Simulated results of shock wave in PMMA under restriction of cylindrical shell
图 10 离有机玻璃上表面不同深度冲击波第一幅值-半径分布曲线
Figure 10. First amplitudes of shock waves-radius curves at different depths from the upper surface of the PMMA column
图 11 3种不同约束对B201点冲击压力影响计算结果
Figure 11. Pressures curves at point B201 under different restrictions
表 1 两发PVDF冲击波压力幅值测试结果对比
Table 1. Measured data of the two experiments
编号 距对称轴距离/mm 安装角度/(°) Cs/(mC·cm-2) 峰值压力/GPa 第1发 第2发 第1发 第2发 A101 30 0 14.5 13.7 1.60 1.97 A102 30 120 14.4 13.3 1.74 2.00 A103 30 240 14.2 14.1 1.84 2.00 B201 30 60 14.3 14.3 1.18 1.29 B202 40 180 14.3 13.6 1.22 1.32 B203 50 300 14.4 13.6 — 1.35 
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表 2 JH-2炸药计算参数
Table 2. Computational parameters of JH-2
材料 ρ0/(g·cm-3) C0/(km·s-1) λ Γ G/GPa σy/MPa 45钢 7.85 4.57 1.49 2.17 82 800 有机玻璃 1.181 2.26 1.816 0.75 3.2 140
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