球形爆炸容器内炸药爆炸形成的准静态气体压力

刘文祥; 张德志; 钟方平; 程帅; 张庆明

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0056

球形爆炸容器内炸药爆炸形成的准静态气体压力

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0056

刘文祥^{1, 2,},
张德志²,
钟方平²,
程帅²,
张庆明¹

1.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京 100081
2.
西北核技术研究所强动载与效应重点实验室, 陕西西安 710024

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 11172245

详细信息

作者简介:
刘文祥(1982-), 男, 博士, 副研究员, wxliu@ustc.edu

中图分类号: O381
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- 被引次数: 8
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-02-22
- 修回日期: 2017-06-30
- 刊出日期: 2018-09-25

Quasi-static gas pressure generated by explosive charge blasting in a spherical explosion containment vessel

1.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Intense Dynamic Loading and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an 710024, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 准静态压力是爆炸容器设计的重要参考数据。在球形爆炸容器内开展了爆炸加载实验，压力传感器采用齐平和导孔两种安装方式，均获得了准静态压力数据，且两组数据一致。理论推导了准静态压力的表达式，并通过拟合实测数据得到经验公式。研究结果表明：（1）爆炸冲击波在容器内部往返3次后，容器内气体压力进入准静态；（2）准静态压力与当量容积比近似呈正比例关系，比例系数为1.10 MPa·m³/kg TNT。
- 准静态压力 /
- 球形爆炸容器 /
- 当量容积比 /
- 压力传感器
Abstract: Quasi-static pressure is important for the design of explosion containment vessels. Experiments of the spherical vessel under blast loading, in which the quasi-static pressure was measured by the pressure sensors of two different installations, i.e. flush installation and guide-hole installation, were carried out. The data obtained by the pressure sensors are consistent with each other. Based on the formula form derived theoretically, the empirical formula was obtained by fitting the data. The main results are as follows:(1) the pressure in the vessel goes into quasi-static state after the blast wave reflects back and forth three times in the vessel; (2) the quasi-static pressure in the spherical vessel is proportional to the explosion equivalent-to-vessel volume ratio, and the empirical coefficient is 1.10 MPa·m³/kg TNT.
- quasi-static pressure /
- spherical explosion containment vessel /
- explosion equivalent-to-vessel volume ratio /
- pressure sensor

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图 1 实验用球形爆炸容器

Figure 1. The spherical explosion containment vessel used in experiment

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图 2 实验装药

Figure 2. Explosive installation

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图 3 压力传感器安装结构示意图

Figure 3. Diagrams of pressure sensor installations

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图 4 齐平安装传感器获得典型压力波形(当量60 gTNT)

Figure 4. Pressure-time curve obtained by the pressure sensor of flush installation (when explosion equivalent is 60 gTNT)

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图 5 导孔安装传感器获得的典型波形(当量60 gTNT)

Figure 5. Pressure-time curve obtained by the pressure sensor of guide-hole installation (when explosion equivalent is 60 gTNT)

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图 6 准静态压力值的选取方法

Figure 6. The method for determining quasi-static pressure

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图 7 球形容器内准静态压力与当量容积比的关系

Figure 7. Relation between quasi-static pressure and explosion equivalent-to-vessel volume ratio in spherical vessel

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表 1 压力传感器参数

Table 1. Performance parameters of pressure sensors

类型	量程/MPa	频响/kHz	上升时间/μs	非线性度	精度
压电式传感器	34.48, 68.95	500	≤1.0	≤1.0%Fs	0.14, 0.28 kPa
压阻式传感器	15, 40	600	≤0.3	≤1.0%Fs	0.5%Fs

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表 2 压力传感器参数

Table 2. Quasi-static pressures obtained by pressure sensors

当量/(gTNT)	准静态压力/MPa
当量/(gTNT)	压电式传感器	压阻式传感器
27	0.7, 0.7, 0.6
60	1.4, 1.5	1.5, 1.2
185	2.4	3.7
370	5.5, 4.9, 5.3	5.4

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