Numerical and experimental study of an ogival projectile vertical perforating a medium thickness concrete target
-
摘要: 为研究卵形弹丸贯穿中等厚度混凝土靶体的贯穿规律,开展直径60 mm尖卵形弹丸贯穿不同厚度混凝土靶体的侵彻实验,获得了不同撞击速度的弹丸贯穿不同厚度混凝土靶体的剩余速度规律。结合无网格SPH方法、RHT混凝土本构以及状态方程,对贯穿实验进行数值模拟,对不同工况下的弹丸过载规律以及靶体的损伤过程的分析发现:弹丸贯穿中等厚度混凝土靶体的贯穿过程分为开坑阶段、隧道稳定侵彻阶段以及靶背影响出靶阶段,在相同初始撞击速度下的靶背影响区的厚度随着靶体厚度的增加而增大。实验结果与数值模拟结果对比,表明模型能够有效模拟弹丸贯穿混凝介质问题,研究结果可为贯穿机理的研究提供参考。Abstract: In order to understand the law dominating the process of an ogival projectile perforating a medium thickness concrete target, the tests of the ogival projectiles of 60 mm diameter perforating concrete targets of (10-30)D thickness were carried out. The effect of concrete thickness on residual velocity was obtained in the tests. The meshless SPH method, combing the RHT concrete constitutive model and the p-α equation of state, was used to simulate perforation tests. Simulation results on perforation acceleration and damage process reveal that there are three stages in the perforation process, including catering, tunneling, and rear effect zone. Furthermore, the range of rear effect zone increases with increasing concrete thickness at the same projectile velocity. The comparison between the experimental results and the simulation results show that the current simulation model is able to simulate projectiles perforating concrete targets, and the simulation results provide insight into the perforation mechanisms.
-
Key words:
- penetration mechanics /
- target plate thickness /
- ogival projectile /
- vertical perforating
-
表 1 实验结果
Table 1. Experimental results
实验编号 H/m H/D m/kg vi/(m·s-1) vr/(m·s-1) 1 0.6 10.0 4.152 639.6 308.0 2 0.8 13.3 4.153 650.2 203.8 3 1.0 16.7 4.152 643.0 0 4 1.4 23.3 4.134 1 077.8 534.7 5 1.6 26.7 4.157 1 070.0 471.0 6 1.8 30.0 4.133 1 047.0 349.5 表 2 靶背影响区弹丸消耗的能量情况
Table 2. Energy consumption of projectile in rear free surface effectzone
实验编号 H/D 进入靶背影响区的速度/(m·s-1) 弹丸消耗的能量/J 1 10.0 460 1.4×105 2 13.3 434 2.8×105 3 16.7 428 3.8×105 4 23.3 630 2.0×105 5 26.7 541 2.2×105 6 30.0 502 3.2×105 表 3 侵彻过程中3个阶段厚度的数值模拟结果
Table 3. Simulation results of thickness of three stages in penetration process
实验 H/D 开坑区/D 隧道区/D 靶背影响区/D 1 10.0 2.0 4.9 3.1 2 13.3 2.0 5.7 5.6 3 16.7 2.0 6.0 8.7 4 23.3 2.0 18.1 3.2 5 26.7 2.0 20.9 3.8 6 30.0 2.0 21.9 6.1 -
[1] 文鹤鸣.混凝土靶板冲击响应的经验公式[J].爆炸与冲击, 2003, 23(3):267-274. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1455.2003.03.014WEN Heming. Empirical equations for the impact response of concrete targets[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2003, 23(3):267-274. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1455.2003.03.014 [2] HANCHAK S J, FORRESTAL M J, YOUNG E R, et al. Perforation of concrete slabs with 48 MPa (7 ksi) and 140 MPa (20 ksi) unconfined compressive strengths[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1992, 12(12):1-7. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=9f03befe241a1ac9be6d5957563e031a&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn [3] YANKELEVSKY D Z. Local response of concrete slabs to low velocity missile impact[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1997, 19(4):331-343. doi: 10.1016/S0734-743X(96)00041-3 [4] DANCYGIER A N. Rear face damage of normal and high-strength concrete elements caused by hard projectile impact[J]. Aci Structural Journal, 1998, 95(3):291-304. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=JJ025002989 [5] 葛涛, 刘保荣, 王明洋.弹体侵彻与贯穿有限厚度混凝土靶体的力学特性[J].爆炸与冲击, 2010, 30(2):159-163. http://www.bzycj.cn/CN/abstract/abstract8380.shtmlGE Tao, LIU Baorong, WANG Mingyang. Penetration and perforation of concrete targets with finite thickness by projectiles[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2010, 30(2):159-163. http://www.bzycj.cn/CN/abstract/abstract8380.shtml [6] HOLMQUIST T J, JOHNSON G R. A computational constitutive model for glass subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high pressures[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2011, 78(5):051003. doi: 10.1115/1.4004326 [7] RIEDEL W, THOMA K, HIERMAIER S, et al. Penetration of reinforced concrete by BETA-B-500 numerical analysis using a new macroscopic concrete model for hydrocodes[R]. 1999. [8] 张若棋, 丁育青, 汤文辉, 等.混凝土HJC、RHT本构模型的失效强度参数[J].高压物理学报, 2011, 25(1):15-22. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=7151809ZHANG Ruoqi, DING Yuqing, TANG Wenhui, et al. The failure strength parameters of HJC and RHT concrete constitutive models[J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2011, 25(1):15-22. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=7151809 [9] 林华令, 丁育青, 汤文辉.混凝土侵彻数值模拟的影响因素[J].爆炸与冲击, 2013, 33(4):425-429. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2013.04.015LIN Hualing, DING Yuqing, TANG Wenhui. Factors influencing numerical simulation of concrete penetration[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2013, 33(4):425-429. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2013.04.015 [10] LEPPÄNEN J. Concrete subjected to projectile and fragment impacts:Modelling of crack softening and strain rate dependency in tension[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2006, 32(11):1828-1841. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2005.06.005 [11] ROSENBERG Z, DEKEL E. The deep penetration of concrete targets by rigid rods-revisited[J]. International Journal of Protective Structures, 2010, 1(1):125-144. doi: 10.1260/2041-4196.1.1.125 [12] CHEN Xiaowei, LI Jicheng. Analysis on the resistive force in penetration of a rigid projectile[J]. Defence Technology, 2014, 10(3):285-293. doi: 10.1016/j.dt.2014.06.007 [13] FORRESTAL M J, ALTMAN B S, CARGILE J D, et al. An empirical equation for penetration depth of ogive-nose projectiles into concrete targets[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1992, 15(4):395-405. http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=1564dbbac134b4b6b0dbf13003ad9c56&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn