TNT内爆炸准静态压力特性

张玉磊; 苏健军; 李芝绒; 蒋海燕; 仲凯; 王胜强

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0170

TNT内爆炸准静态压力特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0170

西安近代化学研究所, 陕西西安 710065

详细信息

作者简介:
张玉磊(1987-), 男, 硕士, 副研究员

通讯作者:
苏健军, sjj3582@sina.com

中图分类号: O381
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-05-15
- 修回日期: 2017-07-21
- 刊出日期: 2018-11-25

Quasi-static pressure characteristic of TNT's internal explosion

Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究密闭空间内TNT爆炸准静态压力特性，通过理论分析得到了准静态压力计算模型，以爆炸罐和爆炸舱室为典型密闭空间环境开展了系列TNT内爆炸实验。结果表明，准静态压力的上升伴随着内爆炸冲击波的多次反射，反射结束后准静态压力到达峰值，药量-容积比是准静态压力的主要影响因素，准静态压力峰值及上升速率随着药量-容积比的增加而增加；基于实验数据拟合得到了TNT内爆炸准静态压力峰值经验公式，可用于准静态压力峰值预估及内爆炸威力评估。
- TNT /
- 内爆炸 /
- 准静态压力 /
- 药量-容积比
Abstract: In order to estimate the quasi-static pressure of TNT when it explodes in closed space, the calculation model of the quasi-static pressure is derived basing on the theoretical analysis. Moreover, a series of TNT's internal explosion tests are performed, these tests take the explosion vessel and explosion chamber as the closed container. The results show that the quasi-static pressure increases accompanied by multiple reflections of shockwave and the pressure reaches to the maximum when the reflection is over. The ratio of charge quality and volume is the main factor influenting quasi-static pressure. The peak and increasing rate of quasi-static pressure will increase with the growth of the ratio of charge quality and volume. According to the experimental data of TNT's internal explosion, the empirical formula of the peak for the quasi-static pressure is fitted, The formula can be used to calculate of quasi-static pressure's peak value and assess the lethality of internal explosion.
- TNT /
- internal explosion /
- quasi-static pressure /
- the ratio of charge quality and volume

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图 1 爆炸罐

Figure 1. Explosion vessel

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图 2 爆炸舱室

Figure 2. Explosion chamber

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图 3 准静态压力测试组件

Figure 3. Testing device of quasi-static pressure

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图 4 内爆超压及准静态时程曲线

Figure 4. Histories of internal overpressure and quasi-static pressure

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图 5 内爆炸典型准静态压力曲线

Figure 5. Tipcal quasi-static pressure curves of internal explosion

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图 6 实验值及经验公式值对比

Figure 6. Comparison of experimental data with calculated data

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表 1 实验结果

Table 1. Experimental data

实验装置	V/m³	m/kg	(m·V^-1)/(kg·m^-3)	p_{qs, max}/MPa	Δp/MPa
爆炸罐	26	0.5	0.019 23	0.089	1.95
爆炸罐	26	1.0	0.038 46	0.150	3.64
爆炸罐	26	2.0	0.076 92	0.237	10.08
爆炸罐	26	4.0	0.153 85	0.360	23.13
爆炸舱室1	0.612	0.03	0.049 02	0.180	-
爆炸舱室2	1.046	0.03	0.028 68	0.120	-
爆炸舱室3	2.013	0.03	0.014 90	0.073	-

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表 2 不同条件下的实验结果

Table 2. Experimental data under different conditions

来源	V/m³	m/kg	(m·V^-1) /(kg·m^-3)	p_{qs, max} /MPa
本文	26	0.5	0.019	0.089
本文	26	1.0	0.038	0.150
本文	26	2.0	0.077	0.237
本文	26	4.0	0.154	0.360
本文	0.612	0.03	0.049	0.180
本文	1.046	0.03	0.029	0.120
本文	2.013	0.03	0.015	0.073
文献[11]	0.5	0.08	0.160	0.308
文献[11]	0.5	0.10	0.200	0.409
文献[10]	0.016 0	0.008	0.50	0.96
文献[12]	0.013 3	0.008	0.60	0.89
文献[10]	0.034 6	0.027	0.78	1.13
文献[10]	0.005 7	0.008	1.06	1.58
文献[12]	0.015 0	0.027	1.80	2.19
文献[12]	0.007 5	0.027	3.59	3.30
文献[10]	0.034 6	0.133	3.84	3.48
文献[10]	0.020 6	0.133	6.46	4.80
文献[10]	0.015 0	0.133	8.87	6.22

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表 3 公式(7)与公式(8)计算结果对比

Table 3. Comparison of calculation results between formula (7) and (8)

(m·V^-1) /(kg·m^-3)	p_{qs, max} /MPa	式(7)		式(8)
(m·V^-1) /(kg·m^-3)	p_{qs, max} /MPa	计算值 /MPa	偏差 /%	计算值 /MPa	偏差 /%
0.019	0.089	0.130	46.360	0.095	6.205
0.038	0.150	0.215	43.041	0.151	0.889
0.077	0.237	0.357	50.534	0.244	3.143
0.154	0.360	0.588	63.238	0.391	8.714
0.049	0.180	0.258	43.145	0.180	-0.084
0.029	0.120	0.177	47.182	0.126	4.966
0.015	0.073	0.110	50.512	0.081	10.282
0.160	0.308	0.604	96.121	0.402	30.410
0.200	0.409	0.709	73.431	0.467	14.272
0.50	0.96	1.372	42.921	0.871	-9.303
0.60	0.89	1.565	75.787	0.985	10.723
0.78	1.13	1.890	67.239	1.178	4.212
1.06	1.58			1.450	-8.211
1.80	2.19			2.078	-5.126
3.59	3.30			3.320	0.614
3.84	3.48			3.476	-0.128
6.46	4.80			4.948	3.079
8.87	6.22			6.136	-1.346

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