多破片高速冲击下飞机油箱水锤效应数值模拟

韩璐; 韩庆; 杨爽

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0230

多破片高速冲击下飞机油箱水锤效应数值模拟

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0230

西北工业大学航空学院, 陕西西安 710072

详细信息

作者简介:
韩璐(1988-), 女, 博士研究生, hanlu1119@mail.nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385;V221.91
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-06-29
- 修回日期: 2017-09-02
- 刊出日期: 2018-05-25

Simulation analysis of hydrodynamic ram in an aircraft fuel tank subjected to high-velocity multi-fragment impact

School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 作为飞机燃油箱的一种主要损伤模式，水锤效应可能引起油箱结构灾难性的破坏。针对实战环境中多枚破片冲击同一油箱的常见现象，在建立与试验对比一致的单枚破片冲击满水油箱数值模型后，以箱内液体特定单元压力峰值、破片速度衰减、箱内液体吸收的总能量以及油箱壁板变形作为对比参量，分别开展数值模拟，分析其在2枚破片不同间距打击、2枚破片不同时间间隔打击以及多枚破片同时打击时的水锤效应。结果表明：箱内液体的压力峰值来源于破片入水后形成的冲击波，多枚破片入射时液体压力有明显的叠加效应；2枚破片不同时入射将导致先入射破片剩余速度增高；油箱壁板的变形随入射破片数量的增加显著增大。
- 高速 /
- 冲击 /
- 飞机油箱 /
- 水锤效应 /
- 多破片 /
- 易损性
Abstract: As one of the major damage modes of an aircraft fuel tank, the hydrodynamic ram may cause a catastrophic destroy to the fuel tank structure. In order to analyze the multi-fragment impact on the fuel tank under actual combat circumstance, a validated full-filled fuel tank model under single fragment impact is firstly established. The impact situations of multi-fragment hit at the same time, double fragments hit with different spaces, and double fragments hit at different times are studied by using the finite element analysis software of ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The following parameters are carefully analyzed, including the pressure inside the fuel tank, the fragment velocity decay, the total energy absorbed by the water and the deformation of the fuel tank walls. The results show that, the peak pressure of the fluid in the tank is derived from the shock wave which is produced by the fragment; the superposition effect of pressure is enhanced under multi-fragment impact condition; the tank walls significantly deform with the growth of the number of incident fragments. Moreover, the residual velocity of the incident fragment will be increased by the latish one.
- high velocity /
- impact /
- aircraft fuel tank /
- hydrodynamic ram /
- multi-fragment /
- vulnerability

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图 1 有限元模型

Figure 1. The finite element model

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图 2 试验模型简图^[10]

Figure 2. Diagram of experimental model^[10]

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图 3 压力-时间历程对比

Figure 3. Comparison of pressure-time histories

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图 4 空穴形成过程对比

Figure 4. Formation processes of fuel tank cavities

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图 5 多破片打击位置方案

Figure 5. Multi-fragment combat options

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图 6 多破片打击下液体压力-时间历程

Figure 6. Pressure-time history in fliud under multi-fragment impact

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图 7 多破片同时入射时的破片速度-时间历程

Figure 7. Fragment velocity-time histories under multi-fragment impact

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图 8 多破片同时入射时液体吸收的总能量

Figure 8. Total energy absorbed by fluid under multi-fragment impact

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图 9 多破片同时入射时壁板的变形

Figure 9. Deformation of entry and exit walls under multi-fragment impact

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图 10 2枚破片以不同间距同时入射时箱内液体的压力-时间历程

Figure 10. Pressure-time histories of fluid in the tank under simultaneous impact of two fragments with different spaces

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图 11 不同间距同时入射时破片速度-时间历程

Figure 11. Fragment velocity-time histories in the case of simultaneous impact with different spaces

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图 12 2枚破片以不同间距同时入射时液体吸收总能量

Figure 12. Evolution of total energy absorbed by fluid in the tank under simultaneous impact of two fragments with different spaces

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图 13 2枚破片以不同间距同时入射时入射、出射壁板的变形情况

Figure 13. Deformation of entry and exit walls under simultaneous impact of two fragments with different spaces

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图 14 破片以不同的时间间隔入射时箱内液体的压力-时间历程

Figure 14. Pressure-time histories of fluid in the tank under impact of two fragments with different time intervals

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图 15 不同入射时间间隔下破片速度-时间历程

Figure 15. Fragment velocity-time histories in the case of the impact of different time intervals

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图 16 不同入射时间间隔下液体吸收的总能量-时间历程

Figure 16. Total energy absorbed by fluid varying with time in the case of the impact of different time intervals

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图 17 入射和出射壁板在2枚破片以不同时间间隔冲击时的变形情况

Figure 17. Deformation of entry and exit walls impacted by two fragments at different time intervals

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表 1 箱体、破片材料模型参数^[2]

Table 1. Material parameters of walls and fragments^[2]

材料	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	E/GPa	ν	A/MPa	B/MPa	n	C	m	D₁
6063-T5	2 700	71	0.33	200	144	0.62	0	1	0.2
钢	7 830	207	0.28
PMMA	1 180	3	0.35

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表 2 水、空气材料模型参数^[2]

Table 2. Material parameters of water and air^[2]

材料	ρ₀ /(kg·m^-3)	ν_d/(Pa·s)	c/(m·s^-1)	S₁	S₂	S₃	γ₀	a	C₄	C₅
水	1 000	0.89×10^-3	1 448	1.979	0	0	0.11	3.0
空气	1.22	1.77×10^-5							0.4	0.4

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