温度和浓度对甲醇喷雾爆炸特性参数的影响

吕启申; 臧小为; 潘旭海; 马鹏; 虞浩; 蒋军成

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2018-0121

温度和浓度对甲醇喷雾爆炸特性参数的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0121

吕启申^1,,
臧小为^{1, 2, 3},
潘旭海^{1, 2, 3, ,},
马鹏^{1, 2, 3},
虞浩¹,
蒋军成^{1, 2, 3}

1.
南京工业大学安全科学与工程学院，江苏南京 211816
2.
南京工业大学火灾与消防研究所，江苏南京 211816
3.
江苏省危险化学品本质安全与控制技术重点实验室，江苏南京 211816

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0804700，2016YFC0800100）

详细信息

作者简介:
吕启申（1993－　），男，硕士研究生，anquanlqs@163.com

通讯作者:
潘旭海（1977－　），男，博士，教授，xuhaipan@njtech.edu.cn

中图分类号: O383; X932
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-12
- 修回日期: 2018-08-12
- 网络出版日期: 2019-06-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-09-01

Effects of temperature and concentration on characteristic parameters of methanol explosion

LYU Qishen^1
,,
ZANG Xiaowei^{1, 2, 3},
PAN Xuhai^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
MA Peng^{1, 2, 3},
YU Hao¹,
JIANG Juncheng^{1, 2, 3}

1.
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
2.
Institute of Fire Science and Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
3.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 采用20 L球形喷雾爆炸实验系统，探究甲醇在不同环境温度、物料温度及喷雾浓度下的爆炸特性规律。结果表明：20 L爆炸球内甲醇喷雾液滴爆炸极限范围为118.8～594.0 g/cm³，与纯气相爆炸极限范围（78.6～628.6 g/cm³）相比，甲醇喷雾液滴爆炸极限范围较窄，喷雾液滴的爆炸敏感性比纯气相甲醇蒸汽低。随着爆炸球内环境温度的升高，甲醇喷雾爆炸极限范围变宽，受限空间内甲醇气液喷雾点火成功概率增大。当甲醇物料自身温度或爆炸容器内环境温度保持不变时，相应爆炸特性参数在Φ=1.8拐点处均呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当Φ=1.8时，甲醇喷雾爆炸存在最大超压峰值。环境温度、物料温度的升高可以提高雾化质量，促进扩散燃烧。但是环境温度的变化较之物料温度的改变对于甲醇液滴喷雾爆炸特性参数的影响更为显著。环境温度和化学当量比二元变量共同影响着甲醇喷雾爆炸强度值，当Φ=1.8，环境温度为303.15 K时，甲醇的喷雾爆炸强度大于甲烷气体爆炸的爆炸强度。
- 甲醇 /
- 物料温度 /
- 环境温度 /
- 爆炸指数 /
- 爆炸极限
Abstract: The explosion characteristics of methanol under different ambient temperature, material temperature and spray concentration were investigated by using the 20 L spherical explosion experiment system. The results show that the explosion limit of methanol spray droplets in the 20 L explosion vessel is 118.8−594.0 g/cm³. Compared with the limit range of pure gas explosion (78.6−628.6 g/cm³), the limit range of methanol spray droplets explosion is narrower, and the sensitivity of spray droplets is lower than that of pure gas methanol vapor. As the ambient temperature in the explosion vessel increases, the limit range of methanol spray explosion becomes wider, and the probability of successful ignition of gas-liquid spray in the confined space increases. When the temperature of the methanol or the ambient temperature of the explosion vessel remains unchanged, parameters of the corresponding explosion characteristic firstly increase, and then decrease after the inflection point of Φ=1.8. When Φ=1.8, there is a maximum over pressure peak in the methanol spray explosion. The increasing ambient temperature and material temperature can improve the atomization and then promote diffusion combustion. However, the effect of ambient temperature is more significant than the factor of material temperature on the characteristic parameters of methanol droplet spray explosion. The ambient temperature and stoichiometric ratio affect the strength value of methanol spray explosion. When Φ=1.8 and the ambient temperature is 303.15 K, the intensity of methanol spray explosion is greater than the intensity of methane gas explosion.
- methanol /
- material temperature /
- ambient temperature /
- explosion index /
- explosion limit

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图 1 实验装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of experimental system

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图 2 物料温控系统原理示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of material temperature control system

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图 3 环境温度及物料温度对甲醇爆炸特性的影响

Figure 3. Effects of ambient temperature and material temperature on explosion characteristics of methanol explosion

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图 4 环境温度、甲醇化学当量比对爆炸特性的影响

Figure 4. Effects of ambient temperature and equivalence ratio on explosion characteristics of methanol explosion

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图 5 甲醇物料温度、化学当量比对爆炸特性的影响

Figure 5. Effects of material temperature and Chemical equivalence ratio on explosion characteristics of methanol explosion

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表 1 甲醇气-液两相浓度随爆炸球内环境温度变化关系

Table 1. Relation between the methanol concentrations in vapor/liquid phaseand the ambient temperature in 20 L spherical vessel

甲醇喷雾化学当量比	环境温度/K	总浓度/(g·cm⁻³)	气相质量浓度/(g·cm⁻³)	液相质量浓度/(g·cm⁻³)
0.2	298.15	39.6	0.217	39.382
0.2	303.15	39.6	0.276	39.323
0.2	308.15	39.6	0.348	39.251
0.2	313.15	39.6	0.435	39.165
0.2	318.15	39.6	0.538	39.061
0.6	298.15	118.8	0.217	118.583
0.6	303.15	118.8	0.276	118.524
0.6	308.15	118.8	0.348	118.452
0.6	313.15	118.8	0.435	118.365
0.6	318.15	118.8	0.538	118.262
1.0	298.15	198.0	0.217	197.783
1.0	303.15	198.0	0.276	197.724
1.0	308.15	198.0	0.348	197.652
1.0	313.15	198.0	0.435	197.565
1.0	318.15	198.0	0.538	197.462
1.4	298.15	277.2	0.217	276.983
1.4	303.15	277.2	0.276	276.924
1.4	308.15	277.2	0.348	276.852
1.4	313.15	277.2	0.435	276.765
1.4	318.15	277.2	0.538	276.662
1.8	298.15	356.4	0.217	356.183
1.8	303.15	356.4	0.276	356.124
1.8	308.15	356.4	0.348	356.052
1.8	313.15	356.4	0.435	355.965
1.8	318.15	356.4	0.538	355.862
2.2	298.15	435.6	0.217	435.383
2.2	303.15	435.6	0.276	435.324
2.2	308.15	435.6	0.348	435.252

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续表 1
甲醇喷雾化学当量比	环境温度/K	总浓度/(g·cm⁻³)	气相质量浓度/(g·cm⁻³)	液相质量浓度/(g·cm⁻³)
2.2	313.15	435.6	0.435	435.165
2.2	318.15	435.6	0.538	435.062
2.6	298.15	514.8	0.217	514.583
2.6	303.15	514.8	0.276	514.524
2.6	308.15	514.8	0.348	514.452
2.6	313.15	514.8	0.435	514.365
2.6	318.15	514.8	0.538	514.262
3.0	298.15	594.0	0.217	593.783
3.0	303.15	594.0	0.276	593.724
3.0	308.15	594.0	0.348	593.652
3.0	313.15	594.0	0.435	593.565
3.0	318.15	594.0	0.538	593.462

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表 2 爆炸容器内环境温度对甲醇爆炸极限的影响

Table 2. Effect of ambient temperature on explosion limit of methanol explosion

甲醇喷雾化学当量比	质量浓度/（g·cm⁻³）	环境温度/K	是否点火成功	超压峰值/MPa	超压上升速率峰值/（MPa·s⁻¹）
0.2	39.6	298.15	否	−	−
0.2	39.6	303.15	否	−	−
0.2	39.6	308.15	否	−	−
0.2	39.6	313.15	否	−	−
0.2	39.6	318.15	否	−	−
0.6	118.8	298.15	否	−	−
0.6	118.8	303.15	否	−	−
0.6	118.8	308.15	是	0.627	38.146
0.6	118.8	313.15	是	0.637	39.613
0.6	118.8	318.15	是	0.662	63.087
3.0	594.0	298.15	否	−	−
3.0	594.0	303.15	否	−	−
3.0	594.0	308.15	否	−	−
3.0	594.0	313.15	是	0.764	105.643
3.0	594.0	318.15	是	0.794	146.714

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表 3 环境温度对爆炸指数的影响

Table 3. Effects of ambient temperature on explosion index of methanol explosion

环境温度/K	甲醇喷雾化学当量比	爆炸指数/(MPa·m·s⁻¹)	环境温度/K	甲醇喷雾化学当量比	爆炸指数/(MPa·m·s⁻¹)
308.15	0.6	11.549	303.15	1.8	64.913
313.15	0.6	12.744	308.15	1.8	72.878
318.15	0.6	14.337	313.15	1.8	80.047
298.15	1.0	11.547	318.15	1.8	99.560
303.15	1.0	14.337	298.15	2.2	39.824
308.15	1.0	20.310	303.15	2.2	49.983
313.15	1.0	37.036	308.15	2.2	59.736
318.15	1.0	48.586	313.15	2.2	70.887
298.15	1.4	28.275	318.15	2.2	82.834
303.15	1.4	39.426	298.15	2.6	37.035
308.15	1.4	51.772	303.15	2.6	46.992
313.15	1.4	64.515	308.15	2.6	48.984
318.15	1.4	70.489	313.15	2.6	68.099
298.15	1.8	44.603	318.15	2.6	80.047

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