浅埋高压输气管道爆炸地面振动的原型试验与数值模拟研究

马华原; 龙源; 谢全民; 宋歌; 周游; 殷勤

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2018-0303

浅埋高压输气管道爆炸地面振动的原型试验与数值模拟研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2018-0303

马华原^1,,
龙源¹,
谢全民^2, ,,
宋歌³,
周游⁴,
殷勤¹

1.
陆军工程大学野战工程学院，江苏南京 210007
2.
陆军工程大学军械士官学校，湖北武汉 430075
3.
解放军31434部队，辽宁沈阳 110045
4.
西北核技术研究所，陕西西安 710024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11672331，51608530，51808554）

详细信息

作者简介:
马华原（1992－　），男，博士研究生，503812350@qq.com

通讯作者:
谢全民（1983－　），男，博士，讲师，xiequanmin1983@163.com

中图分类号: O383; TE88
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-21
- 修回日期: 2018-11-21
- 网络出版日期: 2019-09-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-10-01

Prototypical experiment and numerical simulation of ground vibrationresulting from explosion in shallowly buried gas pipelines

MA Huayuan^1
,,
LONG Yuan¹,
XIE Quanmin^{2
, ,},
SONG Ge³,
ZHOU You⁴,
YIN Qin¹

1.
College of Field Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu China
2.
Ordnance NCO Academy, Army Engineering University of PLA, Wuhan 430075, Hubei, China
3.
No.31434 Troops of PLA, Shenyang 110045, Liaoning, China
4.
Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 针对浅埋高压输气管道爆炸产生的地面振动效应，采用现场试验结合数值模拟的方法展开研究。组织实施了全尺寸天然气管道爆炸试验，掌握了高压输气管道爆炸地面振动的量级范围以及衰减规律。经试验数据分析得到，埋地高压天然气管道爆炸造成的地面振动主要产生于物理爆炸过程中，随后发生的天然气爆燃过程并未产生明显的地面振动。基于非线性有限元程序 LS-Dyna建立了高压输气管道爆炸试验计算模型，计算结果与试验现象吻合较好，验证了模型参数设计的合理性。进一步分析了管道爆炸瞬间管内气体-管壁-土体的相互作用机理、应力分布以及裂纹扩展规律。由计算结果分析得到，管道开裂是由于内部高压气体推动管壁向两侧扩展在裂纹尖端处形成了应力集中，管壁冲击土体的速度可达50 m/s，冲击产生的塑性状态向远处传播逐渐衰减为弹性应力波，即形成了地面振动效应。研究成果揭示了高压气体管道爆炸地面振动的主要成因，可为爆炸事故振动预防提供理论参考和技术支持。
- 管道爆炸 /
- 地面振动 /
- 衰减规律 /
- 管土作用
Abstract: In this paper, we investigated the ground vibration effect caused by high pressure gas pipeline explosion using field experiment and numerical simulation. We found out about the magnitude range and attenuation mechanism of the ground vibration of high-pressure gas pipelines by conducting a full-scale explosion experiment of natural gas pipelines. According to the data analysis, the ground vibration caused by the explosion of the buried natural gas pipeline mainly occurred in the physical explosion process, and the subsequent natural gas deflagration process did not produce obvious ground vibration. Based on the LS-Dyna software, we established a high-pressure gas pipeline blasting experiment model, verified the rationality of the model parameter design by comparing the experimental results with the simulation results, and analyzed the process of the gas-pipe-wall-soil interaction, stress distribution and crack propagation in the pipeline explosion. We found that the pipe cracking was caused by the high-pressure gas pushing the pipe wall to the sides to form a stress concentration at the crack tip, that the pipe wall squeezed the soil at a peak speed of 50 m/s, and that the plastic state generated by the impact gradually attenuated to the elastic stress wave, forming the ground vibration effect. We also revealed the main causes of ground vibration by pipeline explosion. Our study can provide theoretical reference and technical support for the prevention of vibration-related accidents.
- pipeline explosion /
- ground vibration /
- attenuation mechanism /
- tube-soil action

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图 1 测点布设方案

Figure 1. Layout scheme of measuring points

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图 2 切割器装配示意图

Figure 2. Sketch of cutter assembly

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图 3 测点布设方案

Figure 3. Layout scheme of measuring points

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图 4 爆炸过程

Figure 4. Explosion process

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图 5 地震波到达时刻

Figure 5. Time of arrival of seismic waves

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图 6 蘑菇云的形成时刻

Figure 6. Time for mushroom cloud formation

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图 7 整体模型

Figure 7. Integral model

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图 8 气体模型

Figure 8. Gas model

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图 9 管道模型

Figure 9. Pipeline model

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图 10 管道开裂模拟结果

Figure 10. Simulation results of pipe cracking

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图 11 管内气体压力状态

Figure 11. Pressure states of gas inside the pipeline

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图 12 管内气体压力曲线

Figure 12. Pressure curves of gas in pipe

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图 13 模拟结果和试验结果对比

Figure 13. Comparison of simulation and experimental results

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图 14 管壁开裂情况模拟结果

Figure 14. Simulation results of pipe wall cracking

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图 15 管壁开裂速度

Figure 15. Cracking rate of pipe wall

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图 16 土中压力状态

Figure 16. Pressure state in soil

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图 17 原始波形

Figure 17. Original waveform

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图 19 时频能量分布谱

Figure 19. Time-frequency energy distribution spectrum

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图 18 瞬时能量谱

Figure 18. Instantaneous energy spectrum

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图 20 质点振动位移

Figure 20. Particle vibration displacement

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表 1 振动测试仪性能参数

Table 1. Technical parameters of the vibration recorders

型号	通道数	频响范围/Hz	量程/(cm·s⁻¹)	读数精度/%	采样率/s⁻¹
Blast-UM	3	5～300	＜ 35	0.1	1 000～10 000
TC-4850	3	5～500	＜ 35	0.1	1 000～50 000

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表 2 气体模型主要参数

Table 2. Main parameters of gas model

部位	材料号	密度/(g·cm⁻³)	状态方程	内能/(g·cm²·μs ⁻²)
管内气体	*MAT_NULL	9.160×10⁻²	*EOS_LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL	3.00×10⁻⁴
管外空气域	*MAT_NULL	1.292×10⁻³	*EOS_LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL	2.50×10⁻⁶

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表 3 金属模型主要参数

Table 3. Main parameters of metal model

部位	材料号	密度/(g·cm⁻³)	剪切模量/(g·cm⁻¹·μs⁻²)	泊松比	状态方程	内能/(g·cm²·μs ⁻²)
管体材料	*MAT_JOHNSON_COOK	7.89	0.77	0.3	*EOS_GRÜNEISEN	3.00×10⁻⁴

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表 4 土体模型主要参数

Table 4. Main parameters of soil model

部位	材料号	密度/(g·cm⁻³)	弹性模量/(g·cm⁻¹·μs⁻²)	泊松比
土体材料	*MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC	1.8	3.23×10⁻⁴	0.25

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