夹心弹对半无限钢靶的侵彻特性

唐奎; 王金相; 陈兴旺; 李渊博; 彭楚才

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2019-0323

夹心弹对半无限钢靶的侵彻特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0323

1.
南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210094
2.
湖南理工学院土木建筑工程学院，湖南岳阳 414006

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11672138）；瞬态物理国家重点实验室开放基金（6142604180407）；湖南省教育厅科学研究项目（18C0638）

详细信息

作者简介:
唐　奎（1990－　），男，博士，tkui2014@sina.com

通讯作者:
王金相（1978－　），男，博士，研究员，wjx@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O381
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-08-23
- 修回日期: 2019-11-22
- 网络出版日期: 2020-03-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-01

Penetration characteristics of jacketed rods into semi-infinite steel targets

1.
National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
2.
College of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, Hunan, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究夹心长杆弹在较大速度范围内的失效机理、侵彻性能及影响因素，在较大着靶速度（0.9～3.3 km/s）下开展了两种夹心弹侵彻半无限厚4340钢靶的弹道实验，并结合数值模拟方法进行了深入分析。实验和数值模拟结果表明：超高速（＞2.0 km/s）条件下，均质钨合金弹和夹心弹均呈现出显著的流体动力学侵彻特性；中低速度（0.9～1.8 km/s）条件下，均质钨合金弹始终呈现出典型的“蘑菇头”失效，而夹心弹始终呈现出“co-erosion”失效；特别地，初速为936 m/s时，1060铝外套夹心弹的失效模式由初始的“bi-erosion”在后期转变为“co-erosion”。在实验速度范围内，中低速度下，夹心弹的侵彻性能低于均质钨合金弹；而在超高速条件下，两者的侵彻性能基本一致。然而，初始入射动能相同时，夹心弹的侵彻性能显著优于均质钨合金弹；与外套材料的密度相比，其强度对夹心弹侵彻性能的影响更显著，且外套材料强度越小，弹体的侵彻性能越好。综合分析可知，进行夹心弹设计时，应优先选取密度小、强度适中的材料作为外套材料。
- 夹心弹 /
- 半无限靶 /
- 失效机理 /
- 侵彻性能
Abstract: To found out the damage mechanism, penetration performance, and the effect factors on the penetration performance of the jacketed rod, two kinds of jacketed rods are penetrated into the semi-infinite 4340 steel targets with striking velocities in the range of 0.9−3.3 km/s experimentally and numerically. Based on the experimental and numerical results, it was found that both homogeneous tungsten alloy rod and jacketed rods presents typical hydrodynamic penetration characteristics under hypervelocity (>2.0 km/s) penetration. While the homogeneous tungsten alloy rod formed a “mushroom head” and the jacketed rods presented typical “co-erosion” damage mode during penetration process under low and medium striking velocity (0.9−1.8 km/s) conditions. Specially, the failure mode of the 1060Al/93W jacketed rod changed from the initial “bi-erosion” to the later “co-erosion”, while the striking velocity equals to 936 m/s. In the experimental speed range, the penetration performance of the jacketed rod is lower than that of the homogeneous tungsten alloy rod at low and medium striking velocities, and the penetration performance of the two is basically the same under hypervelocity conditions. However, the penetration performance of the jacketed rod is significantly better than that of the homogeneous tungsten alloy rod when the initial striking kinetic energy is the same. Compared to density, strength of the jacket has a more significant effect on the penetration performance of the jacketed rod, and the smaller the strength of the jacket material, the better the penetration performance is. According to the above analysis, it can be concluded that for a fixed ratio of the jacket radius to the core radius, it is preferred to use a jacket material with a lower density and a moderate strength.
- jacketed rod /
- semi-infinite target /
- damage mechanism /
- penetration performance

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图 1 夹心弹和均质钨合金弹外形结构示意图

Figure 1. Illustration of the jacketed rod and homogeneous tungsten alloy rod projectiles

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图 2 弹道实验装置示意图

Figure 2. Illustration of ballistic experimental device

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图 3 弹托和弹芯

Figure 3. Sabots and projectiles

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图 4 夹心弹垂直侵彻4340钢板有限元计算模型

Figure 4. Simulation model

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图 5 三种长杆弹侵彻4340钢靶数值模拟与实验结果对比

Figure 5. Comparisons between simulation and experimental results for three kinds of projectiles

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图 6 均质钨合金长杆弹侵彻4340钢靶实验结果

Figure 6. Post-test longitudinal-section of 4340 steel target fired by 93W homogeneous rods

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图 7 1060Al/93W夹心弹侵彻4340钢靶实验结果

Figure 7. Post-test longitudinal-section of 4340 steel target fired by 1060Al/93W jacketed rods

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图 8 TC4/93W夹心弹侵彻4340钢靶实验结果

Figure 8. Post-test longitudinal-section of 4340 steel target fired by TC4/93W jacketed rods

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图 9 均质钨合金长杆弹以不同速度侵彻4340钢靶数值模拟结果

Figure 9. Simulation results of 4340 steel targets fired by homogeneous 93W rods with different striking velocities

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图 10 1060Al/93W夹心长杆弹以不同速度侵彻4340钢靶数值模拟结果

Figure 10. Simulation results of 4340 steel targets fired by 1060Al/93W jacketed rods with different striking velocities

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图 11 TC4/93W夹心长杆弹以不同速度侵彻4340钢靶数值模拟结果

Figure 11. Simulation results of 4340 steel targets fired by TC4/93W jacketed rods with different striking velocities

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图 12 两类长杆弹侵彻4340钢靶的无量纲侵深-速度关系

Figure 12. Normalized penetration depth versus striking velocity for 4340 steel target fired by two types of rod projectiles

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图 13 两类长杆弹侵彻4340钢靶的无量纲侵深-初始动能

Figure 13. Normalized penetration depth versus kinetic energy for 4340 steel target fired by two types of rod projectiles

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图 14 夹心弹外套强度和厚度对侵彻性能的影响

Figure 14. Effect of jacket strength and density on the penetration performance of jacketed rods

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表 1 弹靶材料模型和状态方程

Table 1. Constitutive model and equation of state for projectile and target materials

材料	材料模型	状态方程
钨合金	Johnson-Cook^[7]	Shock^[9]
1060铝	Steinberg^[8]	Shock
TC4钛合金	Steinberg	Shock
4340钢	Johnson-Cook	Linear^[9]

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表 2 钨合金和4340钢材料参数

Table 2. Material parameters for 93W and 4340 steel

材料	ρ/ (g·cm⁻³)	G₀/ GPa	A/ GPa	B/ MPa	n	C	m	T_m0/ K	c₁ / (m·s⁻¹)	S₁	γ₀	T_r / K	K / GPa	c / (J·(kg·K)⁻¹)
93W	17.6	160.0	1.51	177	0.12	0.016	1.00	1 723	4 029	1.237	1.54	300	−	134
4340钢	7.83	81.8	0.835	510	0.26	0.014	1.03	1 793	−	−	−	300	159	477

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表 3 外套材料参数

Table 3. Material parameters for jacket materials

材料	ρ / (g·cm⁻³)	G₀ / GPa	σ₀ / GPa	T_m0 / K	c₁ / (m·s⁻¹)	S₁	dG/dP	(dG/dT)/ (GPa·K⁻¹)	dY/dP	β	n	γ₀	σ_m/ GPa
TC4	4.42	41.9	1.33	2 110	5 130	1.028	0.481 9	−2.698×10⁻²	0.015 3	12.0	0.1	1.23	2.12
1060铝	2.70	27.1	0.04	1 220	5 386	1.339	1.767	−1.669×10⁻²	0.002 6	400	0.27	1.97	0.048

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