点火准则和稀释气体对乙烯点火延时的影响

刘二伟; 徐胜利

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2019-0402

点火准则和稀释气体对乙烯点火延时的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2019-0402

刘二伟^1,,
徐胜利^2, ,

1.
中国科学技术大学近代力学系，安徽合肥 230026
2.
清华大学航天航空学院，北京 100084

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11372306）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘二伟（1988－　），男，博士研究生，386770733@qq.com

通讯作者:
徐胜利（1965－　），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，slxu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

中图分类号: O381; O362
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-10-21
- 修回日期: 2019-12-12
- 刊出日期: 2020-06-01

Influence of ignition criterion and dilution gas on ignition delay of ethylene

LIU Erwei^1
,,
XU Shengli^{2
, ,}

1.
Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
2.
School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要

摘要: 利用矩形截面激波管研究点火准则和稀释气体对乙烯点火延时的影响。采用压电传感器记录测点压力时间历程，采用光谱仪和光电倍增管记录自发光强时间历程，以压力、总自发光强与·OH和·CH自由基特定能级发射光强等信号判定是否发生自点火，给出自点火过程的时间起始点和终止点，得到了不同点火准则和稀释气体对应的乙烯/氧气/氮气和乙烯/氧气/氩气点火延时。结果表明：相同工况的乙烯点火延时测量数据相对误差约为15%，数据验证了本文实验和测量方法可靠性。针对当量比为1.0、压力为0.2 MPa，得到了温度范围为905～1 489 K，稀释气体的摩尔分数为75%氮气和75%氩气时的乙烯点火延时，给出点火延时和温度拟合的Arrhenius型表达式。不同点火准则会影响所测点火延时数据，但多次测量结果确定的点火延时和温度变化规律近似相同。不同稀释气体对激波管自点火流场的影响表现为和流场均匀性以及混合物比热相关。相同工况的乙烯/氧气/氮气点火延时大于乙烯/氧气/氩气点火延时。高温区和低温区的乙烯/氧气/氩气点火延时与温度的拟合关系不同，转折温度约为1 121 K。
- 点火延时 /
- 激波管 /
- 点火准则 /
- 稀释气体 /
- 乙烯
Abstract: Ignition delay of ethylene (C₂H₄) are measured under different temperatures in a rectangle shock tube to recognize the effects from diluent gases (nitrogen or argon) and criteria which is identified by pressure, bulk and radical chemiluminescences of OH and CH at specified wavelengths. Pressures were recorded by piezoelectric sensors (PCBs), and bulk chemiluminescence was detected by a photomultiplier (PMT) and an optical fiber. The chemiluminescences of OH and CH radicals were grated by spectrometer first, and then recorded by the PMT. The ignition delay is determined from the pressure and intensity histories of bulk and radical chemiluminescences at the points which share the same distances from the close end. Ignition delay database was built for mixture of C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ and C₂H₄/O₂/Ar. Measurement and methodology are verified by the repeated experimental data under the same conditions. In the case of stoichimetric equivalence and pressure at 0.2 MPa, ignition delays were obtained and fitted with temperature as Arrhenius formula for mixtures of C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ and C₂H₄/O₂/Ar at temperature ranging from 905 K to 1 489 K. Results show that the relative error of ignition delays is about 15%. Based on pressure, bulk and radical chemiluminescences, the relationships between the ignition delay and temperature remain the same although the ignition delay from single measurement is a bit different. Basically, the ignition delay of C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ is greater than that of C₂H₄/O₂/Ar. The fitting relationship between ignition delay and temperature of C₂H₄/O₂ /Ar in high temperature zone and low temperature zone is different, and the turning temperature is about 1 121 K.
- ignition delay /
- shock tube /
- ignition criteria /
- dilute gas /
- ethylene

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图 1 激波管和气路系统示意图

1. Pressure gauge; 2. Vacuum gauge; 3. PCB1; 4. PCB2; 5. Fiber; 6. PCB3; 7. Driver section; 8. Diaphragm section; 9. Driven section; 10. Gas distribution section; 11. He; 12. N₂; 13. Vacuum pump; 14. Exhausting exit; 15. C₂H₄; 16. Dilute gas; 17. Premixing tank

Figure 1. Sketch of shock tube and gas distribution

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图 2 点火延时测量系统示意图

1. PCB1; 2. PCB2; 3. PCB3; 4. Fiber; 5. PMT1; 6. Charge amplifier; 7. Spectroscope; 8. Entrance slit; 9. Optical grating; 10. Semi-reflecting mirror; 11. PMT2; 12. Oscilloscope

Figure 2. Sketch of ignition delay measurement system

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图 3 点火延时定义示意图

Figure 3. Definition of ignition delay

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图 4 总自发光、·OH和·CH自发光等信号时间曲线对比

Figure 4. Histories of light intensity of emission, ·OH and ·CH radicals

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图 5 不同点火准则得到的乙烯/氧气/氮气点火延时以及和文献[15]数据、反应动力学机理^[16-18]计算结果对比

Figure 5. Ignition delays of C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ at different criteria compared with data from reference [15] and results of chemical kinetics mechanism^[16-18]

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图 6 不同稀释气体对激波分叉现象的影响

Figure 6. Impacts on shock bifurcation induced by dilute gases N₂ and Ar

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图 7 乙烯/氧气/氮气和乙烯/氧气/氩气点火延时对比

Figure 7. Comparison of ignition delays between mixtures of C₂H₄/O₂/N₂ and C₂H₄/O₂/Ar

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图 8 乙烯/氧气/氩气点火延时和文献[6]数据、反应动力学机理计算结果对比

Figure 8. Comparison of ignition delay of C₂H₄/O₂/Ar among this study, reference [6] and chemical kinetics

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表 1 乙烯/氧气/氩气点火延时重复性

Table 1. Repeatability of ignition delay of C₂H₄/O₂/Ar

实验	u_s/(m·s⁻¹)	M_s	p₅/MPa	T₅/K	Δt₁/μs
1	802.8	2.510	0.192	1 321	427
2	799.6	2.503	0.192	1 311	390
3	800.3	2.506	0.191	1 313	439
4	805.8	2.523	0.194	1 328	337
5	803.4	2.508	0.191	1 323	382
6	796.6	2.479	0.188	1 304	383
7	813.1	2.530	0.195	1 352	325
平均值	803.1±10.0	2.508±0.029	0.192±0.004	1 322±30	383±58

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