Study on strain rate effect of coral sand
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摘要: 为研究应变率对珊瑚砂力学特性的影响，用直径37 mm的分离式Hopkinson压杆（SHPB）对两类珊瑚砂进行了冲击实验，得到了460~1300 s−1应变率范围内不同密实度的一维应变压缩应力-应变关系；结合准静态（10−4 s−1）压缩的实验结果，发现珊瑚砂存在明显的应变率效应；通过对比两类砂物理特性，认为应变率敏感性与内孔隙和粒间摩擦密切相关；提出了率型本构模型中动态增强系数的计算模型，可为珊瑚砂在冲击下的数值计算提供理论依据。Abstract: A 37 mm-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) apparatus was used to conduct impact tests on two types of coral sand to investigate the effect of strain rate. One-dimensional compressive stress-strain curves with the strain rates ranging from 460 to 1300 s−1 were obtained under different compactness levels. Combining with the static compressive results (strain rate of 10−4 s−1), it is found that coral sand is affect with strain rate obviously. Comparison of physical properties of two types of coral sand indicates that the strain rate sensitivity is highly correlated with the proportion of inner pores of the particles and friction between the particles. The calculation models of dynamic intensification factor are proposed, which provide theoretical basis for the numerical calculation of coral sand under impact.
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Key words:
- coral sand /
- strain rate effect /
- inner pore /
- impact /
- strengthening coefficient
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图 4 最高应变率下试样前后端面应力平衡检验
Figure 4. Dynamic stress equilibrium check of specimen at highest strain rate
图 5 冲击实验下应力-应变曲线的一致性检验
Figure 5. Stress-strain curves of the sand under the identical loading condition
图 6 准静态（应变率：6.25×10−4 s−1）压缩珊瑚砂应力-应变曲线
Figure 6. Axial stress-strain curves of coral sand under static loading (Strain rate: 6.25×10−4 s−1)
图 7 不同相对密实度下1#珊瑚砂应力-应变曲线
Figure 7. Axial stress-strain curves of coral sand 1# under different compactness levels
图 8 不同相对密实度下2#珊瑚砂应力-应变曲线
Figure 8. Axial stress-strain curves of coral sand 2# under different compactness levels
图 9 珊瑚砂孔隙比与轴向压力的关系
Figure 9. Relationship between void ration of coral sand and axial pressure
图 10 相同密度下两种珊瑚砂应力-应变曲线
Figure 10. Axial stress-strain curves of two types of coral sand with the same density
图 11 相同密度珊瑚砂增强系数随应变率的变化关系
Figure 11. Relationship between strengthening coefficient and strain rate
图 13 动态增强系数与压缩应变的关系
Figure 13. Relation curves of dynamic intensification factor and strain
表 1 珊瑚砂基本物理特性
Table 1. Physical mechanical properties of dry coral sand
珊瑚砂 中间粒径/
mm不均
系数曲率
系数最大干密度/
(g·cm−3)最小干密度/
(g·cm−3)1# 0.480 2.358 0.924 1.317 1.136 2# 0.356 2.240 1.070 1.205 0.980 
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