内部爆炸薄圆板的变形及有效载荷

李芝绒; 张玉磊; 袁建飞; 王胜强

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0045

内部爆炸薄圆板的变形及有效载荷

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0045

西安近代化学研究所，陕西西安 710065

详细信息

作者简介:
李芝绒（1968－　），女，研究员，lzr204@163.com

通讯作者:
张玉磊（1987－　），男，硕士，副研究员，kaka-zyl@163.com

中图分类号: O383.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-02-26
- 修回日期: 2020-06-29
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-05

Deformation and payload of thin circular plates subjected to internal explosion

Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究内爆炸薄圆板的失效与作用载荷特性，在双圆筒装置内开展了铝质、钢质薄圆板内爆炸实验，分析了圆板破坏模式及比冲量载荷特性，并基于相同变形下载荷相等原理，得到了钢质圆板极限变形下的有效比冲量及作用时间，提出了该工况下圆板变形的预估模型。结果表明：在内爆炸载荷作用下，薄圆板的夹持边界和几何中心是应力集中区，产生了塑性大变形、拉伸撕裂、剪切断裂3种破坏模式；圆板的比冲量载荷由初始的波浪式增长逐渐转化为线性增长，30～80 g某温压装药使1 mm厚钢质圆板产生极限变形的有效比冲量作用时间在2.26～2.93 ms之间，经验证，圆钢板变形预估模型得到的装药质量与实验装药质量偏差小于13.3%。
- 内爆炸 /
- 薄圆板 /
- 变形模式 /
- 有效比冲量 /
- 作用时间
Abstract: In order to study the relationship between the failure and action loading characteristics of thin circular plates subjected to internal explosion, the experiments on aluminum and steel thin circular plates were carried out in a double-cylinder device. The failure modes and the specific impulse characteristics of the circular plates were analyzed. Based on the principle of equal loading under the same deformation, the effective specific impulse and action time under the ultimate deformation of the circular plate were obtained, and the prediction model of the circular plate deformation under this condition was proposed. The results show that, under the action of internal explosion load, the stress concentration zone is the boundary and geometric center of the thin circular plate, which leads to the failure mode of large plastic deformation, tensile tear and shear fracture. The specific impulse on the circular plate gradually changes from the initial wave growth to linear growth, and the effective specific impulse action time is in the range of 2.26–2.93 ms for a certain thermobaric explosive charge of 30–80 g making the steel circular plate with the thickness of 1 mm produce the ultimate deformation. The empirical results show that the deviation between the charge mass obtained by the prediction model and the experimental charge mass is less than 13.3%.
- internal explosion /
- thin circular plate /
- deformation mode /
- effective specific impulse /
- action time

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图 1 双圆筒爆炸装置及测点布设位置

Figure 1. Double cylinder explosive device and locations of measuring points

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图 2 典型铝质、钢质薄板实验后状态

Figure 2. Pictures of typical aluminum and steel thin circular plates after experiments

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图 3 工况7的4个测点压力载荷曲线和比冲量曲线

Figure 3. Pressure load curves and specific impulse curves of four measuring points under condition 7

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图 4 各实验工况圆板中心的压力载荷曲线

Figure 4. Pressure load curves of circular plates under various experimental conditions

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图 5 各实验工况圆板中心比冲量曲线

Figure 5. Specific impulse curves of circular plates under various experimental conditions

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表 1 各实验工况圆板的变形结果

Table 1. Deformation results of circular plate under various experimental conditions

实验工况	平板材质	平板厚度/mm	装药类型	装药质量/g	圆板挠度/mm	变形破坏结果
1	铝	2	TNT	20	71.5	夹持边、中心塑性大变形
2	铝	2	TNT	40		夹持边被切断
3	铝	2	WY	20	93.0	夹持边间断性裂缝
4	钢	1	TNT	40	85.5	夹持边、中心塑性大变形
5	钢	1	WY	30	86.0	夹持边、中心塑性大变形
6	钢	1	WY	40	100.5	夹持边、中心塑性大变形
7	钢	1	WY	50	111.0	夹持边、中心塑性大变形
8	钢	1	WY	60	122.0	夹持边、中心塑性大变形
9	钢	1	WY	70	134.0	夹持边、中心塑性大变形
10	钢	1	WY	80	147.0	夹持边、中心塑性大变形

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表 2 工况5～10的 p和Δi及典型时刻模型比冲量的计算值和实验值

Table 2. p and Δi of conditions 5−10 and the calculated and experimental specific impulses at typical times

实验工况	压力/ MPa	比冲量快速增长量/ （MPa·ms）	3 ms 时的比冲量/（MPa·ms）		5 ms 时的比冲量/（MPa·ms）		10 ms 时的比冲量/（MPa·ms）
实验工况	压力/ MPa	比冲量快速增长量/ （MPa·ms）	计算值	实验值	计算值	实验值	计算值	实验值
5	0.199	0.290	0.861	0.758	1.236	1.264	2.172	2.217
6	0.235	0.332	1.056	0.970	1.512	1.409	2.653	2.568
7	0.294	0.393	1.237	1.200	1.769	1.701	3.097	3.244
8	0.322	0.471	1.408	1.289	2.010	1.856	3.515	3.520
9	0.342	0.518	1.571	1.424	2.240	2.123	3.912	3.927
10	0.377	0.566	1.727	1.648	2.460	2.446	4.291	4.342

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表 3 工况5～10钢质圆板的有效冲量和有效比冲量

Table 3. Effective impulses and effective specific impulses of steel circular plates under conditions 5−10

实验工况	圆板挠度$/{\rm{m} }{\rm{m} }$	有效冲量$/({\rm{N} }\cdot {\rm{s} } )$	有效比冲量$/({\rm{MP} }{\rm{a} }\cdot {\rm{ms} } )$	修正有效冲量$/({\rm{N} }\cdot {\rm{s} })$	修正有效比冲量$/({\rm{MP} }{\rm{a} }\cdot {\rm{ms} })$	作用时间$/{\rm{m} }{\rm{s} }$
5	86.0	344	0.656	389	0.777	2.93
6	100.5	402	0.767	456	0.912	2.76
7	111.0	444	0.847	505	1.009	2.55
8	122.0	476	0.908	542	1.084	2.43
9	134.0	536	1.023	612	1.224	2.36
10	147.0	588	1.122	673	1.345	2.26

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