Mechanical behaviors of bi-directional gradient bio-inspired circular sandwich plates under blast loading
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摘要: 基于王莲仿生面内梯度芯层，通过引入面外梯度，设计了一种双向梯度仿生夹芯圆板。在此基础上，运用ABAQUS有限元软件，对不同排列方式的双向梯度夹芯圆板在不同爆炸载荷作用下的响应进行了数值仿真，着重分析了不同仿生夹芯圆板的前后面板挠度、芯层压缩量、变形模式和能量吸收等特性，得到了一种抗爆性能较好的芯层排列方式。结果表明：相较于单一的面外梯度夹芯圆板，合理设计的双向梯度仿生夹芯圆板可以有效降低后面板挠度，并提高芯层的能量吸收。Abstract: A bi-directional gradient bionic circular sandwich plate was designed by introducing out-of-plane gradient into in-plane gradient core on the basis of Royal Water-Lily. Based on this, the responses of various bi-directional gradient circular sandwich plates under different blast loadings were simulated by using the finite element software of ABAQUS. The deflections of front and back panels, compression, deformation mode and energy absorption of different cores were analyzed emphatically, and a core arrangement mode with better blast resistant performance was obtained. The results show that: compared with a single out-of-plane gradient sandwich structure, the deflection of the back panel of bi-directional gradient sandwich structures can be effectively reduced, and the energy absorption capacity of the core can be improved through the reasonable bi-directional gradient arrangement.
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图 4 不同爆炸载荷下不同密度梯度夹芯板后面板的最大挠度
Figure 4. Deflection of the back panel of the sandwich panelwith different density gradients under various blast loadings
图 5 k=1.2的两种不同面外梯度芯层在炸药为25 g时的前后面板挠度曲线
Figure 5. Deflections of front and back panels with two different out-of-plane gradient cores with k=1.2 when the explosive mass is 25 g
图 6 k=1.2时两种夹芯板的变形模式
Figure 6. Deformation mode diagram of two kinds of sandwich plates with k=1.2
图 7 不同梯度芯层能量吸收比较
Figure 7. Comparisons of energy absorption of different gradient cores
图 8 自由边界的梯度夹芯圆板在炸药质量为25 g时芯层能量吸收
Figure 8. Energy absorption of graded sandwich circular plate with free boundary when explosive mass is 25 g
表 1 铝合金的材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters of aluminum alloy
材料 ρ/(kg·m−3) E/GPa v σy/GPa Etan/GPa 5052铝合金 2 700 70 0.3 0.20 0.10 6060T4铝合金 2 700 70 0.3 0.08 0.07 
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表 2 模型类型与相关参数
Table 2. Model type and related parameters
模型 面内梯度 芯层C2各部分壁厚/mm 面外梯度 面外相对密度/% $\delta_1 $ $\delta_2 $ $\delta_3 $ $\delta_4 $ $\delta_5 $ C1 C2 C3 k=0.8- Ⅰ 负梯度 0.031 0.039 0.049 0.060 0.076 负梯度 1.30 2.00 2.70 k=0.8- Ⅱ 负梯度 0.031 0.039 0.049 0.060 0.076 正梯度 2.70 2.00 1.30 k=1.2- Ⅰ 混合梯度 0.100 0.082 0.068 0.057 0.048 负梯度 1.30 2.00 2.70 k=1.2- Ⅱ 混合梯度 0.100 0.082 0.068 0.057 0.048 正梯度 2.70 2.00 1.30 k=1.6- Ⅰ 正梯度 0.200 0.124 0.077 0.048 0.030 负梯度 1.30 2.00 2.70 k=1.6- Ⅱ 正梯度 0.200 0.124 0.077 0.048 0.030 正梯度 2.70 2.00 1.30 UG- Ⅰ 均匀 0.077 0.073 0.070 0.060 0.048 负梯度 1.30 2.00 2.70 UG- Ⅱ 均匀 0.077 0.073 0.070 0.060 0.048 正梯度 2.70 2.00 1.30
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表 3 C2面内梯度模型各部分相对密度
Table 3. Relative density of in-plane gradient model C2
模型 相对密度/% $\overline \rho _1 $ $\overline \rho _2 $ $\overline \rho _3 $ $\overline \rho _4 $ $\overline \rho _5 $ k=0.8 0.80 1.06 1.39 2.00 3.13 k=1.0 1.55 1.65 1.72 1.97 2.48 k=1.2 2.56 2.26 1.97 1.88 1.97 k=1.6 5.14 3.41 2.22 1.59 1.25 UG 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
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