恒温法测爆热的快速系统辨识方法

杨杰; 贺元吉; 赵宏伟; 徐明利; 高洪泉

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2020-0249

恒温法测爆热的快速系统辨识方法

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2020-0249

中国人民解放军96901部队，北京 100094

详细信息

作者简介:
杨　杰（1982－　），男，博士，助理研究员，yangjieflying@126.com

中图分类号: O381; O159
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-21
- 修回日期: 2020-10-21
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-05

A rapid system identification method for measuring explosion heat by the constant temperature method

The 96901 Unit, The Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要: 为了降低经典恒温法爆热测量中出现系统故障而导致测量失败的风险，提出了基于故障前内桶水温升曲线辨识爆热值的测量方法。首先，分析了测量过程的传热机制，建立了量热计的传热模型，解算得到了各测量阶段的内桶水温升曲线；然后，基于系统辨识理论，提出了中间参数的辨识算法，并基于隔离易振荡参数的思路，给出了修正温升与爆热的快速系统辨识算法，通过误差分析证明了爆热辨识值近似收敛于经典值；最后，应用爆热值分布在4～9 kJ/g的8个炸药样品的实验数据对算法进行了检验，并提出了判断收敛时刻的实验判据。结果表明，辨识算法有效隔离了振荡参数的影响，对内桶水温度变化有较强的预测能力，爆热辨识值能在40 min（主末期1/3）内快速稳定地收敛到3.5%的相对误差上限水平内，实验判据能较准确地判断爆热辨识值收敛时刻。本方法理论上还可拓展至绝热法爆热值计算。
- 爆热测量 /
- 恒温法 /
- 系统辨识 /
- 传热方程
Abstract: In order to reduce the risk of measurement failure caused by system failure in the classical constant temperature method for measuring explosion heat, a measurement method was developed for identifying the explosion heat value based on the water temperature rise curve of an inner barrel before failure. Firstly, the heat transfer mechanism of the measurement process was analyzed, and the heat transfer model of the calorimeter was established, and the water temperature rise curve of the inner barrel in each measurement stage was obtained. Then, based on the system identification theory, the identification algorithm of intermediate parameters was proposed, and based on the idea of isolating easily oscillating parameters, a fast system identification algorithm was given to correct the temperature rise and explosion heat. And it is proved that the identification value of explosion heat approximately converges to the classical value. Finally, the test data of 8 explosive samples with explosion heat values ranging from 4 to 9 kJ/g were used to test the algorithm, and the test criterion for judging the convergence time was put forward. The simulation results show that the identification algorithm can effectively isolate the influence of the oscillation parameters and has a strong prediction ability on the temperature change of the water in the inner barrel, and that the identification value of explosion heat can quickly and stably converge to the upper limit of relative error of 3.5% within 40 min (1/3 of the main end stage), and that the test criterion can accurately judge the convergence time of the identified value of explosion heat. This method can also be extended to the adiabatic method for calculating explosion heat.
- explosive heat measurement /
- constant temperature method /
- system identification /
- heat transfer equation

HTML全文

图 1 量热计结构

Figure 1. Calorimeter structure

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图 2 爆炸产物的传热过程

Figure 2. Heat transfer process of explosive product

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图 3 实验模拟的各参数辨识值

Figure 3. Identified values of each parameter in an experiment simulation

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图 4 内外桶温度随采样时间的变化

Figure 4. Variations of inner and outer barrel temperature with sampling time

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图 5 内桶水主末期温度曲线的拟合残差均方根

Figure 5. RMS of fitting residuals of inner barrel water temperature curve at main and end stage

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图 6 爆热系统辨识值和相对误差随测量时间的收敛

Figure 6. Convergence rule of system identify value and relative error of explosive heat with measurement time

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图 7 相对误差上限水平和平均水平随测量时间的变化

Figure 7. Variations of upper limit level and average level of relative error with measurement time

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表 1 爆热辨识值的收敛情况

Table 1. Convergent status of system identify value of explosion heat

样本	经典法爆热值/ （kJ·g⁻¹）	相对误差上限水平为3.5%时对应最小辨识时间/min	极限收敛水平/ %
1	7.765	40	0.024 5
2	7.710	15	1.190 8
3	7.935	25	0.667 8
4	8.112	35	0.885 7
5	4.875	25	3.221 6
6	5.763	33	1.880 1
7	6.511	40	1.826 4
8	6.540	14	1.987 1

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