周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸技术研究现状与发展

蒋建伟 彭嘉诚

蒋建伟, 彭嘉诚. 周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸技术研究现状与发展[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2021, 41(10): 101102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0017
引用本文: 蒋建伟, 彭嘉诚. 周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸技术研究现状与发展[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2021, 41(10): 101102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0017
JIANG Jianwei, PENG Jiacheng. Research advances in circumferential multiple linear explosively-formed projectile technology[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2021, 41(10): 101102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0017
Citation: JIANG Jianwei, PENG Jiacheng. Research advances in circumferential multiple linear explosively-formed projectile technology[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2021, 41(10): 101102. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0017

周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸技术研究现状与发展

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0017
详细信息
    作者简介:

    蒋建伟(1962- ),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,bitjjw@bit.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: O381; TJ302

Research advances in circumferential multiple linear explosively-formed projectile technology

  • 摘要: 传统的破片式防空反导战斗部爆炸后产生的破片杀伤元数量虽多,却不能有效击毁来袭的不敏感弹药,存在威力不足问题,因而限制了其发展。周向多线性爆炸成型弹丸(multiple linear explosively-formed projectile, MLEFP)战斗部爆炸后在周向产生多个高速、大质量、大长径比的对折型线性爆炸成型弹丸(linear explosively-formed projectile, LEFP),具备击穿、击爆厚壁壳体不敏感弹药的能力,因此在中近程防空反导作战中具备广阔的应用前景。从线性毁伤元的发展和对折型LEFP的成型技术出发,重点分析了炸药装药、药型罩等关键部件影响线性毁伤元成型的研究成果,对比了3种毁伤元初速工程计算模型的理论依据、优缺点等,概括了近年来对折型LEFP侵彻试验结果,最后总结了周向MLEFP战斗部及其毁伤元未来的发展方向。
  • 图  1  周向MLEFP 战斗部模型[6]

    Figure  1.  A circumferential MLEFP warhead model[6]

    图  2  线性成型装药及线性射流[13]

    Figure  2.  Linear shaped charge and linear jet[13]

    图  3  线性圆缺形药型罩与LEFP[26]

    Figure  3.  Linear arc liner and LEFP[26]

    图  4  起爆机理、线性成型装药和侵彻钢靶试验结果[27]

    Figure  4.  Test results of initiation mechanism, linear shaped charge and penetration of steel target[27]

    图  5  对折型LEFP成型过程及侵彻钢靶结果[28]

    Figure  5.  The Process of forming LEFP and results of penetration on steel target[28]

    图  6  不同成型装药形成不同毁伤元分类

    Figure  6.  Classification of types of projectiles by different shaped charges

    图  7  周向MLEFP战斗部样机[31]

    Figure  7.  A prototype for a circumferential MLEFP warhead[31]

    图  8  周向MLEFP战斗部和单条线性成型装药模型[33]

    Figure  8.  A circumferential MLEFP warhead and the single linear shaped charge model[33]

    图  9  对折型LEFP成型速度与装药长度与宽度之比和装药高度与装药宽度之比的关系曲线以及LEFP成型形态[33]

    Figure  9.  Relations of forming velocity of folded LEFPs with the length-to-width and height-to-width ratios of the charges as well as the shapes of the LEFPs[33]

    图  10  分层装药周向MLEFP战斗部模型[34]

    Figure  10.  The model for a circumferential MLEFP warhead with composite charge[34]

    图  11  试验现场布置[34]

    Figure  11.  Test site layout[34]

    图  12  单方向曲率线性圆缺药型罩示意图

    Figure  12.  Schematic diagram of a linear circular charge liner with unidirectional curvature

    图  13  对折型LEFP成型速度和药型罩壁厚梯度、最大壁厚与长度之比的关系曲线以及成型形态[31-32]

    Figure  13.  Relations of forming velocity of folded LEFPs with the wall thickness gradient-to-length and the maximum wall thickness-to-length ratios of the liner as well as the shapes of the LEFPs[31-32]

    图  14  对折型LEFP成型速度和药型罩曲率半径与长度之比的关系曲线及成型形态[31-33]

    Figure  14.  Relations of forming velocity of folded LEFPs with the curvature radius-to-length ratio of the liner as well as the shapes of the LEFPs[31-33]

    图  15  单条线性成型装药二维模型[31]

    Figure  15.  A two-dimensional model of the single linear-shaped charge[31]

    图  16  双曲率线性罩成型LEFP图像[41]

    Figure  16.  The image of an LEFP formed from a double-curved liner[41]

    图  17  带外衬药型罩MLEFP战斗部模型[42]

    Figure  17.  An MLEFP warhead model with liners and outer linings[42]

    图  18  对折型LEFP对钢靶侵彻能力

    Figure  18.  Penetration ability of folded LEFPs to steel targets

    表  1  LEFPs成型速度[34]

    Table  1.   Forming velocity of LEFPs[34]

    方法LEFP成型速度/(m·s−1误差/%
    Gurney理论1 3039
    数值模拟1 4901.6
    静爆试验1 433/
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  数值模拟与侵彻试验结果[42]

    Table  2.   Results of numerical simulation and penetration tests[42]

    周向MLEFP战斗部成型形态侵彻后钢靶剖面
    无外衬
    有外衬
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  3种LEFP初速模型对比

    Table  3.   Comparison among the three models for calculating the initial velocity of an LEFP

    初速模型基础理论最大误差/%优点缺点
    公式(2)Gurney方法,
    动量守恒
    12.6形式简单,
    使用方便
    简单合计不同组分误差大,
    需增加修正系数
    公式(3)C-J爆轰理论,
    动量守恒
    4 形式简洁,
    精度高
    适用范围窄
    公式(5)有效装药理论,
    Gurney方法
    6 精度较好,
    适用范围广
    需计算获取大量初速数据,
    使用不便
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-01-13
  • 修回日期:  2021-04-20
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-09-17
  • 刊出日期:  2021-10-13

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