高原环境爆炸冲击波传播特性的实验研究

陈龙明; 李志斌; 陈荣; 邹道逊

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2021-0279

高原环境爆炸冲击波传播特性的实验研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0279

陈龙明^{1, 2,},
李志斌^1, ,,
陈荣¹,
邹道逊³

1.
国防科技大学文理学院，湖南长沙 410073
2.
军事科学院国防工程研究院，北京100850
3.
中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（11402299）；湖南省自然科学基金（2020JJ3037）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈龙明（1996－　），男，博士研究生，chenlongming14@nudt.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李志斌（1985－　），男，博士，副教授，lizhibin@nudt.edu.cn

中图分类号: O382.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 359
- HTML全文浏览量: 356
- PDF下载量: 129
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-02
- 修回日期: 2021-11-24
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-11
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-27

An experimental study on propagation characteristics of blast waves under plateau environment

CHEN Longming^{1, 2
,},
LI Zhibin^{1
, ,},
CHEN Rong¹,
ZOU Daoxun³

1.
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, China
2.
Institute of Defense Engineering, PLA Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
3.
Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 在评估弹药在高原的爆炸威力时，需要考虑高海拔条件对炸药爆炸冲击波参数的影响。为研究高海拔低气压条件下的冲击波传播规律，开展了模拟海拔高度h=500, 2 500, 4 500 m等3种气压条件下的爆炸冲击波测试实验。结果表明，当环境气压每下降20%时，冲击波超压、比冲量和到达时间平均降低约9%、10%和6%。将使用Sachs因子修正后的计算结果与测试数据进行对比分析，发现该方法能较好地预测不同环境条件下的爆炸冲击波参数。进一步分析了环境温度的影响，发现初始温度升高会使到达时间提前，本文实验的温度条件对超压和比冲量的影响并不显著。该研究结果对战斗部在高海拔的爆炸威力评估具有参考意义。
- 爆炸冲击波 /
- 高海拔 /
- 爆炸实验 /
- 传播特性
Abstract: It is necessary to take into consideration the effects of elevated-altitude conditions on the propagation characteristics of blast waves when evaluating the explosion power of ammunitions under plateau environment. In order to study the propagation characteristics of blast wave under plateau environment with low pressure, experiments were carried out at simulated plateau environment at altitudes of 500, 2 500 and 4 500 m, respectively. Results show that when the ambient air pressure decreases by 20%, the overpressure, specific impulse and arrival time of blast wave decrease in average by about 9%, 10% and 6%, respectively. Calculated results corrected by Sachs' factor are compared with the test data. It is found that the method proposed in the present study can better predict the blast wave parameters under different environmental conditions. The effects of ambient temperature were also studied. It is concluded that the increase of the initial ambient temperature will reduce the arrival time of blast wave, however, the effects of ambient temperature on the overpressure and specific impulse are not significant. The results have reference significance for the evaluation of warhead explosion power at elevated altitude.
- blast wave /
- high altitude /
- explosion experiment /
- propagation characteristics

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图 1 大气参数随海拔的变化趋势

Figure 1. Atmospheric parameter changes at different altitudes

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图 2 实验装置示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of experimental device

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图 3 测点位置示意图（单位：m）

Figure 3. Distribution of measuring points (unit: m)

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图 4 不同工况下在1#测点测得的冲击波超压时程曲线

Figure 4. Blast wave overpressure-time curves obtained by the pressure sensor at monitoring point 1# under experimental conditions

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图 5 原始超压曲线及其拟合曲线

Figure 5. Typical measured original overpressure curve and its fitted curve by the Friedlander formula

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图 6 冲击波威力参数获取方法

Figure 6. Acquisition methods of shock wave parameters

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图 7 不同初始气压下，不同比例距离处的冲击波超压实验数据

Figure 7. Experimental blast wave overpressures at different scale distances under different initial atmospheric pressures

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图 8 不同初始气压下，不同比例距离处的冲击波比例比冲量的实验数据

Figure 8. Experimental blast wave scaled specific impulses at different scaled distancesunder different initial atmospheric pressures

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图 9 不同初始气压下，不同比例距离处的冲击波到达时间的实验数据

Figure 9. Experimental blast wave scaled arrival timesat different scaled distances under different initial atmospheric pressures

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图 10 Kinney公式的计算结果与实验数据对比

Figure 10. Comparison of the results calculated by Kinney’s formula^[15] with experimental data

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图 11 不同海拔条件下，不同比例距离处，冲击波超压修正值与实验值的对比

Figure 11. Comparison of modified and experimental blast wave overpressures at scaled distances under different altitudes

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图 12 不同海拔条件下，不同比例距离处，冲击波比例比冲量的修正值与实验值的对比

Figure 12. Comparison of modified and experimental blast wave scaled specific impulses at scaled distances under different altitudes

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图 13 不同海拔条件下，不同比例距离处，冲击波到达时间的修正值与实验值的对比

Figure 13. Comparison of modified and experimental blast wave arrival time at scaled distances under different altitudes

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图 14 环境温度对冲击波超压的影响

Figure 14. Effect of ambient temperature on blast wave overpressure

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图 15 环境温度对冲击波比冲量的影响

Figure 15. Effect of ambient temperature on blast wave specific impulse

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图 16 环境温度对冲击波到达时间的影响

Figure 16. Effect of ambient temperature on blast wave arrival time

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表 1 大气参数

Table 1. Atmospheric parameters

h/m	p_h/kPa	ρ_h/(kg·m⁻³)	c_h/(m·s⁻¹)	T_h/K
0	101.33	1.23	340.29	288.15
1 000	89.88	1.11	336.43	281.65
3 000	70.11	0.91	328.58	268.65
5 000	54.02	0.74	320.53	255.65

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表 2 初始实验条件

Table 2. Initial experimental conditions

组别	h/m	r_sp/mm	m_sp/kg	p_h/kPa	T_h/K
1	500	35	0.292	94.51	310.35
2	500	35	0.291	95.02	299.95
3	2 500	35	0.292	74.05	299.85
4	2 500	35	0.291	73.99	298.75
5	4 500	35	0.292	57.01	299.25
6	4 500	35	0.291	57.08	301.75
7	500	25	0.107	95.03	299.05
8	500	25	0.106	94.90	299.65
9	2 500	25	0.106	74.07	302.15
10	2 500	25	0.107	73.97	302.35
11	4 500	25	0.105	57.05	297.25
12	4 500	25	0.105	57.02	305.25

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