基于微波干涉测速技术的二级轻气炮/火炮内弹道参数诊断

贾兴; 唐隆煌; 翁继东; 马鹤立; 陶天炯; 刘盛刚; 陈龙; 章林文; 王翔

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2021-0303

基于微波干涉测速技术的二级轻气炮/火炮内弹道参数诊断

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0303

贾兴^{1, 2,},
唐隆煌^{1, 2},
翁继东^{1, 2},
马鹤立^{1, 2},
陶天炯^{1, 2},
刘盛刚^{1, 2},
陈龙^{1, 2},
章林文¹,
王翔^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所，四川绵阳 621999
2.
中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（62101518）；中物院培育基金（PY20210006）

详细信息

作者简介:
贾　兴（1977－　），男，硕士，高级工程师， jiaxing@caep.cn

通讯作者:
王　翔（1968－　），男，硕士，研究员， xiangwang102@126.com

中图分类号: O384
计量
- 文章访问数: 221
- HTML全文浏览量: 155
- PDF下载量: 68
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-19
- 修回日期: 2021-09-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-11
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-07

Microwave velocity interferometry for the parameter diagnosis of the interior ballistic of a two-stage light gas gun or powder gun

JIA Xing^{1, 2
,},
TANG Longhuang^{1, 2},
WENG Jidong^{1, 2},
MA Heli^{1, 2},
TAO Tianjiong^{1, 2},
LIU Shenggang^{1, 2},
CHEN Long^{1, 2},
ZHANG Linwen¹,
WANG Xiang^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 测量二级轻气炮/火炮弹丸在内弹道的速度历程，对轻气炮/火炮的设计、内弹道计算、弹道异常现象诊断分析具有重要作用。因为不同波长微波的传输特性在不同炮管中不同，不同目标的反射特性也不同，为获得最佳的测试结果，设计了两个波长的微波干涉测速系统。对二级轻气炮和高速火炮的内弹道速度进行了连续测量，并利用短时傅里叶变换与相位计算相结合的方法进行了数据处理。实验成功获取了完整的内弹道数据，所测弹丸炮口速度与光束遮断测速装置测试结果差异小于0.5%。通过对内弹道实验数据的分析，证实了二级轻气炮在某些装填条件下易出现碎弹现象。此外，首次观测到二级炮内弹道内前冲气体速度历史，可为研究高速气体的温度、压力、电离等状态提供数据支撑。
- 微波干涉仪 /
- 二级轻气炮 /
- 火炮 /
- 速度测量 /
- 内弹道 /
- 前冲气体
Abstract: The measurement of the interior ballistic projectile velocity in a two-stage light gas gun or powder gun and the observation of the state of the precursor gas in the launch tube are very important for the design and calculation of the interior ballistic and for the analysis of the abnormal ballistic. In order to obtain the better results, two microwave interferometers in the Ka-band and X-band were designed by the Dopple principle, since the transmission and reflection characteristics of microwave are related with the caliber of launch tube and objects materials respectively. A combination of the short-time Fourier transform and phase calculation was used to process the interference signal, and then the velocity, acceleration, displacement, projectile bottom pressure and other information were obtained by calculation. Complete interior ballistic data for a two-stage light gas gun and a high-speed powder gun were obtained experimentally. The difference in the projectile velocity measured by the microwave interferometer and the optical beam blocking (OBB) device is less than 0.5%. Moreover, it was demonstrated in our experiments that under some conditions, shock waves may cause premature breaking of the diaphragm in the high pressure section, which results in the projectile having a secondary loading at high pressure, and then becoming fragmented with a probability. In addition, based on the reflection and transmission characteristics of the ionized gas at different microwave wavelengths, the velocity of the precursor H₂ gas in the launch tube of the two-stage light gas gun was measured using the X-band microwave interferometer for the first time, which can provide data for studying the temperature, pressure, ionization and other states of the high-speed ionized gas.
- microwave interferometer /
- two-stage gas gun /
- powder gun /
- velocity measurement /
- interior ballistic /
- precursor gas

HTML全文

图 1 微波干涉测速系统原理图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the microwave interferometer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 微波干涉仪图片

Figure 2. Photos of microwave interferometers

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 二级炮内弹道测试系统及实验装置图

Figure 3. Experimental setup of the interior ballistic measurement system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 二级轻气炮实验数据（实验号2SLGG0511）

Figure 4. Experimental data from the two-stage light gas gun (test No. 2SLGG0511)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 二级轻气炮实验数据（实验号2SLGG0429）

Figure 5. Experimental data from the two-stage light gas gun (test No. 2SLGG0429)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 二级轻气炮实验数据（实验号2SLGG1201）

Figure 6. Experimental data from the two-stage light gas gun (test No. 2SLGG1201)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 高速火炮实验数据

Figure 7. Experimental data from the high-speed powder gun

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(22)

[1]	王金贵. 气体炮原理及技术 [M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2001: 71−94.
[2]	杨敏涛. 微波干涉仪在武器研制中的应用 [J]. 火炮发射与控制学报, 1996(4): 23–27. YANG M T. Application of microwave interferometer in the armament research [J]. Journal of Gun Launch & Control, 1996(4): 23–27.
[3]	王东方, 肖伟科, 庞宝君. NASA二级轻气炮设备简介 [J]. 实验流体力学, 2014, 28(4): 99–104. DOI: 10.11729/syltlx2014pz02. WANG D F, XIAO W K, PANG B J. A brief introduction on NASA’s two stage light gas guns [J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2014, 28(4): 99–104. DOI: 10.11729/syltlx2014pz02.
[4]	王为, 王翔. 二级轻气炮发射过程中前冲气体的初步研究 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2004, 18(1): 94–96. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2004.01.017. WANG W, WANG X. Measurement of the precursor gas accompanied with the launch of two-stage gas gun [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2004, 18(1): 94–96. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2004.01.017.
[5]	杨继运. 二级轻气炮模拟空间碎片超高速碰撞试验技术 [J]. 航天器环境工程, 2006, 23(1): 16–22. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1379.2006.01.003. YANG J Y. Simulation of space debris hypervelocity impact using two stage light gas gun [J]. Spacecraft Environment Engineering, 2006, 23(1): 16–22. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1379.2006.01.003.
[6]	王为, 陈宏, 王翔. 紧凑型全光纤内弹道弹速测量系统 [J]. 应用光学, 2011, 32(4): 723–729. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2082.2011.04.026. WANG W, CHEN H, WANG X. Compact all fiber interior ballistic projectile velocity measurement system [J]. Journal of Applied Optics, 2011, 32(4): 723–729. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2082.2011.04.026.
[7]	WENG J D, TAN H, WANG X, et al. Optical-fiber interferometer for velocity measurements with picosecond resolution [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2006, 89(11): 111101. DOI: 10.1063/1.2335948.
[8]	王德田, 彭其先, 刘俊, 等. 激光干涉测速技术在内弹道弹丸速度测量中的应用研究 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2011, 25(2): 133–137. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2011.02.007. WANG D T, PENG Q X, LIU J, et al. Application of laser velocity interferometry in interior ballistic projectile velocity measurement [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2011, 25(2): 133–137. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2011.02.007.
[9]	彭其先, 蒙建华, 刘俊, 等. 激光干涉测速技术在火炮内弹道研究中的应用 [J]. 弹道学报, 2008, 20(3): 96–99. PENG Q X, MENG J H, LIU J, et al. Laser velocity interferometry for interior ballistic research [J]. Journal of Ballistics, 2008, 20(3): 96–99.
[10]	陶天炯, 王翔, 陈宏, 等. 频率混叠在气体炮内弹道速度测量中的应用 [J]. 高压物理学报, 2013, 27(4): 523–527. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2013.04.009. TAO T J, WANG X, CHEN H, et al. Frequency aliasing used in interior ballistic velocity measurements for gas guns [J]. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics, 2013, 27(4): 523–527. DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2013.04.009.
[11]	BEL'SKII V M, MIKHAILOV A L, RODIONOV A V, et al. Microwave diagnostics of shock-wave and detonation processes [J]. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 2011, 47(6): 639–650. DOI: 10.1134/S0010508211060037.
[12]	TASKER D G, BAE Y K, JOHNSON C, et al. Voitenko experiments with novel diagnostics detect velocities of 89 km/s [J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2020, 135: 103406. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.103406.
[13]	ELIA T, CHUZEVILLE V, BAUDIN G, et al. Review of the wedge test and single curve initiation principle applied to aluminized high explosives [J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 2020, 45(10): 1541–1553. DOI: 10.1002/prep.201900300.
[14]	MAYS R O, TRINGE J W, SOUERS P C, et al. Experimental and computational investigation of microwave interferometry for detonation front characterization [J]. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018, 1979(1): 160016. DOI: 10.1063/1.5045015.
[15]	张玉成, 张江波, 严文荣, 等. 基于弹丸膛内速度微波测量的发射药燃烧规律 [J]. 火炸药学报, 2010, 33(4): 74–77. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7812.2010.04.019. ZHANG Y C, ZHANG J B, YAN W R, et al. Burning rules of gun propellant in powder chamber based on bullet velocity measurement with microwave interferometer [J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants, 2010, 33(4): 74–77. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7812.2010.04.019.
[16]	CHEN X H, ZENG X L, FAN D, et al. Note: phase retrieval method for analyzing single-phase displacement interferometry data [J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2014, 85(2): 026016. DOI: 10.1063/1.4865113.
[17]	孔伟, 肖剑, 常增田, 等. 基于相位解卷绕的膛内弹丸运动信号处理 [J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2012, 32(2): 189–192. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9728.2012.02.052. KONG W, XIAO J, CHANG Z T, et al. Signal processing of projectile moving in-bore based on phase unwrapping algorithm [J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2012, 32(2): 189–192. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9728.2012.02.052.
[18]	KITTELL D E, MARES J O, SON S F. Using time-frequency analysis to determine time-resolved detonation velocity with microwave interferometry [J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2015, 86(4): 044705. DOI: 10.1063/1.4916733.
[19]	TRINGE J W, KANE R J, VANDERALL K S, et al. Microwave interferometry for understanding deflagration-to-detonation and shock-to-detonation transitions in porous explosives [C] // 15th International Detonation Symposium. San Francisco: LLNL, 2014: LLNL-CONF-656294.
[20]	HALOUA F, BROUILLETTE M, LIENHART V, et al. Characteristics of unstable detonations near extinction limits [J]. Combustion and Flame, 2000, 122(4): 422–438. DOI: 10.1016/S0010-2180(00)00134-6.
[21]	KRALL A D, GLANCY B C, SANDUSKY H W. Microwave interferometry of shock waves. Ⅰ. unreacting porous media [J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1993, 74(10): 6322–6327. DOI: 10.1063/1.355154.
[22]	DAN L, GUO L X, LI J T. Propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in dusty plasma with full ionization [J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2018, 25(1): 013707. DOI: 10.1063/1.5003717.