攻角和入射角对弹体侵彻混凝土薄靶弹道特性影响规律研究

李鹏程; 张先锋; 刘闯; 魏海洋; 刘均伟; 邓宇轩

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2021-0435

攻角和入射角对弹体侵彻混凝土薄靶弹道特性影响规律研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0435

南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金委员会与中国工程物理研究院联合基金(U1730101)；国家自然科学基金(11790292)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（30919011401）；

详细信息

作者简介:
李鹏程（1996－　），男，博士研究生，987323971@qq.com

通讯作者:
张先锋（1978－　），男，博士，教授，lynx@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-18
- 修回日期: 2022-01-17
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-21
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-18

Study on the influence of attack angle and incident angle on ballistic characteristics of projectiles penetration into thin concrete targets

School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究弹体斜侵彻有限厚混凝土靶板的作用特性，开展了尖卵形弹体斜侵彻间隔混凝土靶实验，获得了弹体侵彻过程中的姿态及弹道特性、靶板破坏参数，分析了攻角与入射角联合作用对弹体侵彻混凝土靶板“二次偏转现象”、靶后偏转角以及弹体侵彻间隔靶板弹道轨迹的影响规律。研究结果表明：入射角越大，“二次偏转现象”越明显，弹体靶后偏转角越大；初始攻角抑制“二次偏转现象”，攻角越大，抑制作用越显著；初始攻角与入射角方向相同时，初始攻角加剧靶后偏转角的增大；当攻角与入射角方向相反时，较小的攻角能够抑制弹体靶后偏转角的增大，而当初始攻角较大时，攻角成为影响弹体偏转的主要因素，攻角越大，弹体靶后偏转角越大。
- 冲击动力学 /
- 侵彻 /
- 间隔混凝土靶 /
- 侵彻弹道 /
- 攻角 /
- 偏转角
Abstract: Experiments of a 30 mm ogive-nose projectile penetration into two layers of concrete targets are carried out to study the characteristics of projectile oblique penetrating a finite thickness concrete target. A high-speed camera was used to record the projectile deflection, velocity, and trajectory in the process of penetration. Vernier caliper and ruler were used to measure the size of the front and rear craters. The parameters of the perforation damage of the concrete slab and the ballistic parameters and trajectories were obtained. The influence law of attack angle and incident angle on the characteristics of perforation damage of concrete slab, attitude deflection during the perforation process, deflection angle after penetration, and ballistic trajectory are analyzed and studied. The experimental results show that there is a phenomenon of secondary deflection in the penetration process. With the increase of incident angle, the phenomenon of secondary deflection is more obvious. The initial attack angle inhibits the occurrence of the phenomenon of secondary deflection. With the increase of the attack angle, the inhibition effect is more significant. With the increase of the incident angle, the deflection angle after penetration increases gradually. Compared with the incident angle, the initial attack angle has a greater influence on the deflection angle behind the concrete target. The initial attack angle promotes the increase of the deflection angle after penetration when the initial attack angle is the same as the incident angle. When the initial attack angle is opposite to the incident, a small initial attack angle can inhibit the increase of the deflection angle after penetration, but a large one becomes the main factor affecting the deflection angle after penetration. The larger the initial attack angle, the larger the deflection angle after penetration.
- impact dynamics /
- penetration /
- spaced concrete targets /
- penetration trajectory /
- attack angle /
- deflection angle

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图 1 实验弹体

Figure 1. Experimental projectile

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图 2 实验靶标

Figure 2. Experimental concrete targets

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图 3 实验布局示意图

Figure 3. Schematic of experimental layout

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图 4 实验现场布局

Figure 4. Experimental layout

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图 5 弹体侵彻条件

Figure 5. Condition of penetration

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图 6 弹体侵彻间隔混凝土靶弹道参数示意图

Figure 6. Schematic of ballistic parameters of a projectile penetrating two spaced concrete targets

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图 7 第1发实验弹道参数变化过程

Figure 7. Change of ballistic parameters in the first experiment

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图 8 第2发实验弹道参数变化过程

Figure 8. Change of ballistic parameters in the second experiment

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图 9 第3发实验弹道参数变化过程

Figure 9. Change of ballistic parameters in the third experiment

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图 10 第4发实验弹道参数变化过程

Figure 10. Change of ballistic parameters in the fourth experiment

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图 11 第5发实验弹道参数变化过程

Figure 11. Change of ballistic parameters in the fifth experiment

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图 12 典型实验回收弹体与原始弹体

Figure 12. Comparison of the projectile before and after test

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图 13 靶板典型破坏结果照片

Figure 13. Photographs of typical destruction of targets

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图 14 靶板破坏参数示意图

Figure 14. Destruction parameters of the target

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图 15 弹体侵彻过程“二次偏转现象”

Figure 15. Second deflection during projectile penetration

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图 16 弹体斜侵彻有限厚靶板冲击波传播^{[29, 34]}

Figure 16. Propagation of shock waves when a projectile obliquely penetrate a finite-thickness target^{[29, 34]}

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图 17 第1发实验弹体侵彻过程偏转变化

Figure 17. Change of projectile deflection angle in the first experiment

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图 18 第2发实验弹体侵彻过程偏转变化

Figure 18. Change of projectile deflection angle in the second experiment

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图 19 第3发实验弹体侵彻过程偏转变化

Figure 19. Change of projectile deflection angle in the third experiment

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图 20 第4发实验弹体侵彻过程偏转变化

Figure 20. Change of projectile deflection angle in the fourth experiment

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图 21 第5发实验弹体侵彻过程偏转变化

Figure 21. Change of projectile deflection angle in the fifth experiment

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表 1 弹体参数

Table 1. Parameters of projectile

材料	K	d/mm	l/mm	m/g	Q	c/mm
30CrMnSiNi2A	45～48	30	180	520	4	94

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表 2 靶板破坏参数实验结果

Table 2. Destruction parameters of targets under different operating conditions

工况	v/(m·s⁻¹)	α/(°)	φ/(°)	v_r/(m·s⁻¹)	D_ch/mm	D_cf /mm	D_cr /mm	H_cf/mm	H_cr /mm	V_cf/cm³	V_cr/cm³
1-1	791	−1.60	−1.33	700	67	347	287	57	43	715	993
1-2	700	−5.11	−3.08	602	70	297	314	49	51	897	1170
2-1	705	+14.41	−0.70	624	47	289	247	63	37	547	700
2-2	624	+12.67	−1.44	531	53	278	294	52	48	570	603
3-1	515	+11.05	−4.22	409	42	248	289	58	41	510	825
3-2	409	+3.89	−1.19	310	44	223	366	47	53	475	960
4-1	515	+28.54	−1.03	428	61	268	335	52	48	453	1090
4-2	428	+27.34	−2.35	263	64	359	388	46	54	875	1037
5-1	694	+28.28	−1.52	576	68	261	300	56	44	748	1055
5-2	576	+25.91	−2.11	472	59	302	340	57	43	720	995

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表 3 弹体侵彻每层混凝土靶板前后弹道参数

Table 3. Parameters of projectile penetration under different initial conditions

编号	v/(m·s⁻¹)	α/(°)	φ/(°)	v/(m·s⁻¹)	Δv/(m·s⁻¹)	Δβ/(°)
1-1	791	−1.60	−1.33	700	91	+3.51
1-2	700	−5.11	−3.08	602	98	+7.64
2-1	705	+14.41	−0.70	624	81	+0.74
2-2	624	+12.67	−1.44	531	93	+2.92
3-1	515	+11.05	−4.22	409	106	+7.36
3-2	409	+3.89	−1.19	310	99	−0.82
4-1	515	+28.54	−1.03	428	87	+1.80
4-2	428	+27.34	−2.35	263	165	+2.01
5-1	694	+28.28	−1.52	576	118	+3.17
5-2	576	+25.91	−2.11	472	104	+4.78

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