椭圆截面侵彻弹体爆炸特性试验研究

戴湘晖 王可慧 周刚 李明 沈子楷 段建 李鹏杰 杨慧 吴海军

戴湘晖, 王可慧, 周刚, 李明, 沈子楷, 段建, 李鹏杰, 杨慧, 吴海军. 椭圆截面侵彻弹体爆炸特性试验研究[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2023, 43(5): 053302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0079
引用本文: 戴湘晖, 王可慧, 周刚, 李明, 沈子楷, 段建, 李鹏杰, 杨慧, 吴海军. 椭圆截面侵彻弹体爆炸特性试验研究[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2023, 43(5): 053302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0079
DAI Xianghui, WANG Kehui, ZHOU Gang, LI Ming, SHEN Zikai, DUAN Jian, LI Pengjie, YANG Hui, WU Haijun. Experimental study on explosion characteristics of penetrator with elliptical cross-section[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2023, 43(5): 053302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0079
Citation: DAI Xianghui, WANG Kehui, ZHOU Gang, LI Ming, SHEN Zikai, DUAN Jian, LI Pengjie, YANG Hui, WU Haijun. Experimental study on explosion characteristics of penetrator with elliptical cross-section[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2023, 43(5): 053302. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0079

椭圆截面侵彻弹体爆炸特性试验研究

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0079
详细信息
    作者简介:

    戴湘晖(1986- ),男,博士研究生,副研究员,daixianghui@nint.ac.cn

    通讯作者:

    周 刚(1964- ),男,博士,博士生导师,院士,gzhou@nint.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: 0385

Experimental study on explosion characteristics of penetrator with elliptical cross-section

  • 摘要: 为研究椭圆截面侵彻弹体的爆炸特性,设计并开展了静爆威力外场试验。将质量为255 kg的弹体竖立于木质托弹架上,质心距地面高度为2 m,采用试验引信起爆弹体装药。通过航拍无人机实时拍摄整个爆炸过程,在长轴和短轴方向布置扇形效应钢板以获取破片数量及穿甲率,采用超压传感器测量距弹轴7、10和12 m处的冲击波超压,并对弹体爆炸后的宏观景象以及火球、破片和冲击波超压特性进行了详细分析。结果表明,火球演化形貌与破片散布区域关于弹体长轴和短轴呈对称分布;火球演化过程分为快速成长阶段、高温稳定阶段以及自由扩散阶段,火球尺寸在爆炸后41.7 ms达到最大,短轴和长轴方向的最大尺寸分别为21.86、19.29 m,且火球在长轴方向发生了明显的二次膨胀;短轴方向的破片尺寸小、数量多、穿甲能力强,而长轴方向的破片特性恰好相反;冲击波超压峰值、冲量及速度均随传播距离增大而不断减小。综合试验结果对比分析,认为椭圆截面侵彻弹体的非轴对称结构和非均匀壁厚对爆炸特性影响较大,是造成火球形貌及破片非轴对称分布的根本原因。
  • 图  1  弹体结构示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of the penetrator structure

    图  2  拉伸试件力学性能检测

    Figure  2.  Mechanical property obtained from tensile tests

    图  3  冲击和断裂韧性试件力学性能检测

    Figure  3.  Specimens for mechanical property testing of impact and fracture toughness

    图  4  静爆试验布局图

    Figure  4.  Layout of the explosion experiment

    图  5  椭圆截面侵彻弹体的爆炸过程

    Figure  5.  Explosion process of penetrator with elliptical cross-section

    图  6  火球尺寸演化历程

    Figure  6.  Evolution of fireball size

    图  7  火球直径随装药当量变化情况

    Figure  7.  Diameter of fireball varying with charge

    图  8  火球持续时间随装药当量变化情况

    Figure  8.  Duration of fireball varying with charge

    图  9  破片对效应钢板的毁伤情况

    Figure  9.  Damages of effecting steel plates by fragmentation

    图  10  自由场冲击波超压传感器支架破坏情况

    Figure  10.  Damage of free field shock wave overpressure sensor bracket

    图  11  反射冲击波超压曲线

    Figure  11.  Overpressure curves of reflection shock wave

    图  12  超压峰值、正压时间随距离变化趋势

    Figure  12.  Overpressure peak and positive pressure time varying with distance

    图  13  冲量随距离变化趋势

    Figure  13.  Impulse varying with distance

    图  14  壳体碎裂过程示意图

    Figure  14.  Shell fragmentation process

    表  1  随炉热处理试件的力学性能检测结果

    Table  1.   Mechanical properties of heat treated specimens

    试样屈服强度/MPa抗拉强度/MPa延伸率/%断面收缩率/%冲击功/J断裂韧性/(MPa·m1/2)
    11249164613.05170.6101
    21247163712.55074.2102
    31248164213.54980.4106
    41262164812.55188.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  火球演化过程典型特征参数

    Table  2.   Typical characteristic parameters of fireball evolution

    稳定火球持续
    时间/ms
    火球持续
    总时间/ms
    火球最大尺寸/m火球与破片
    分离时刻/ms
    短轴方向长轴方向
    50.01512.021.8619.2916.7
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  火球预估经验公式及其适用条件

    Table  3.   Empirical formulas of fireball prediction and applicable conditions

    经验公式ABCD适用条件
    TNO/CCPS[12]6.480.3250.8250.26
    Moorhouse & Pritchard[12]5.3300.3271.0890.327沸腾液体
    ILO[12]5.81/30.451/3沸腾液体
    Lihou & Maund[12]3.510.3330.320.330
    Williamson & Mann[12]5.880.3331.090.617
    Fay & Lewis[12]6.280.3302.5300.17
    GREENBERG & CRAMER[12]5.330.3271.0890.327
    High[12]3.860.320.2990.32液体推进剂、燃料
    Hasegawa & Sato[12]5.250.3141.0700.181液体推进剂、燃料
    RAKACZY[12]3.760.3250.2580.349弹药
    Roberts[12]5.801/30.8300.316丙烷
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  破片特征参数

    Table  4.   Characteristic parameters of fragments

    方向钢板
    编号
    钢板面积/
    m2
    着靶
    总数
    有效穿孔
    总数
    破片密度/
    m−2
    破片穿甲率/
    %
    长轴1#31583.462.0
    2#3108
    3#32515
    短轴4#333309.081.8
    5#33427
    6#33224
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  反射冲击波超压典型特征参数

    Table  5.   Typical characteristic parameters of reflection shock wave overpressure

    测点位置/m测点编号超压峰值/kPa超压峰值均值/kPa正压时间/ms正压时间均值/ms冲量/(kPa·ms)冲量均值/kPa·ms
    71#312313.52.452.28305300.5
    2#3152.11296
    101#161180.04.905.05181190.5
    2#1995.20200
    121#109112.07.206.70190195.0
    2#1156.20200
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-03-03
  • 修回日期:  2023-01-12
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-02-21
  • 刊出日期:  2023-05-05

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