不同角度分叉管道内氢气-空气爆轰传播特性

喻健良; 詹潇兵; 吕先舒; 侯玉洁; 闫兴清; 于小哲

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0100

不同角度分叉管道内氢气-空气爆轰传播特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0100

大连理工大学化工学院，辽宁大连 116024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52104187，52174167）

详细信息

作者简介:
喻健良（1963－　），男，博士，教授，yujianliang@dlut.edu.cn

中图分类号: O381
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-17
- 修回日期: 2022-08-07
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-25
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-08

Propagation characteristics of hydrogen-air detonation in bifurcated tubes with different angles

School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China

摘要

摘要: 在3种角度分叉管道内开展化学计量比氢气-空气爆轰实验，采用自制的火焰传感器和烟迹法分别获得了爆轰波传播速度和胞格结构，探究了不同角度管道分叉对爆轰传播的影响。结果表明：氢气-空气爆轰在经过分叉三通时受分叉口稀疏波影响导致爆轰波衰减解耦，但随着入射激波与下游管道壁面碰撞，逐渐由规则反射向马赫反射转变，最终完成重起爆过程。其中，直通支管内爆轰衰减主要受支管入口面积的影响，随着分叉角度增大，入口面积减小，爆轰衰减程度和重起爆距离也随之减小；而分叉支管内，爆轰衰减受支管入口面积与入口渐扩程度共同影响，但随着分叉角度的增大，入口面积变为主要影响因素。不同角度分叉管内的实验结果均表明，初始压力升高能显著提高爆轰稳定性，从而削弱分叉几何结构的影响。
- 分叉管 /
- 分叉角度 /
- 氢气-空气爆轰 /
- 爆轰波绕射 /
- 爆轰衰减 /
- 重起爆
Abstract: Study on propagation characteristics of detonation in bifurcated tubes is of great significance to the safety protection of gas explosion in pipelines and engineering application. The propagation states of detonation vary with the geometrical structure when passing through the bifurcated tee. Based on the detonation circular test tube, the stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture gas with 29.5% H₂ in the volume fraction under different initial pressures was ignited by a 10-kV double high-voltage electrode to be detonated before entering the 30°, 45° and 90° bifurcation tees, respectively. The propagation characteristics of the detonation in the bifurcated tubes were analyzed based on the propagation velocity and cellular structure evolution characteristics obtained from the feedback signals of flame sensors and smoke-foils records. The results show that the H₂/air detonation will decay when it passes through a bifurcated tee which is affected by rarefaction wave, but it is only a local phenomenon. The detonation re-initiation is gradually completed from regular reflection to Mach reflection after collision of incident shock wave and wall. In the straight branch tube, the detonation decay is mainly affected by the inlet area of the collateral branch tube. With the increase of the bifurcation angle, the inlet area decreases, and the detonation decay and re-initiation distance decrease as well. In the collateral branch tube, the detonation decay is affected by both the inlet area of the collateral branch tube and the gradual expansion of the section. When the bifurcated angle exceeds the critical value, the inlet area becomes the main influence factor. In addition, it is proved that increasing the experimental initial pressure of premixed gas can significantly improve the detonation stability and weaken the influence of bifurcation geometry. The mechanism of detonation decay and re-initiation in the bifurcated tubes is clarified by this study, which enriches the study of detonation diffraction and contributes to provide a scientific reference for engineering application and taking proper measures of explosion safety protection of gas pipelines as well.
- bifurcated tube /
- bifurcated angle /
- hydrogen/air detonation /
- detonation diffraction /
- detonation decay /
- detonation re-initiation

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图 1 实验系统

Figure 1. Experimental system

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图 2 爆炸火焰信号的采集与处理

Figure 2. Acquisition and processing of explosion flame signals

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图 3 直管道内不同初始压力下爆炸传播速度变化

Figure 3. Velocity variation of explosion propagationin the straight tube at different initial pressures

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图 4 爆轰波经过不同角度的分叉三通进入直通支管过程中的速度变化

Figure 4. Velocity variation of detonation wave through different degree bifurcated tees entering into the straight branch tube

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图 5 爆轰波经过不同角度得分叉三通进入分叉支管过程中的速度变化

Figure 5. Velocity variations of detonation wave through different degree bifurcated tees entering into the collateral branch tube

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图 6 爆轰波在 30° 分叉管道内传播时的速度变化特征（p₀=40 kPa）

Figure 6. Velocity variation of detonation wave propagationin the 30° bifurcated tube at p₀=40 kPa

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图 7 30° 分叉管道内胞格结构（p₀=40 kPa）

Figure 7. Cellular structures in the 30° bifurcated tube at p₀=40 kPa

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图 8 爆轰波经过分叉三通进入分叉支管后的胞格结构演化 (p₀=40 kPa)

Figure 8. Cellular structure evolution of detonation wave entering collateral branch tubes through 30°, 45° and 90° bifurcated tees, respectively, at p₀=40 kPa

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表 1 直通支管和分叉支管平面结构以及爆轰衰减和重起爆特征

Table 1. Plane structures of straight and collateral branch tubes as well as detonation decay and re-initiated characteristics in them

α/(°)	分叉管道平面结构	直通支管		分叉支管
α/(°)	分叉管道平面结构	p₀/kPa	传播特征	p₀/kPa	传播特征
30		<30 kPa	v_min=(0.60～0.65)v_CJ L≥16d	17～21 kPa	v_min≈0.53v_CJ 不能重起爆
		30～40 kPa	v_min=(0.66～0.79)v_CJ L≈14d	25～30 kPa	v_min=(0.54～0.57)v_CJ 有重起爆趋势
		≥40 kPa	v_min≥0.79v_CJ L≤8d	≥35 kPa	v_min>0.53v_CJ L=(11～16)d
45		18 kPa	v_min=0.74v_CJ L≈10d 速度波动大	<55 kPa	v_min=(0.52～0.58)v_CJ L≈18d
45		>18 kPa	v_min≥0.86v_CJ L≈10d	≥55 kPa	v_min≥0.65v_CJ L≈10d
90		≥17 kPa	v_min≥0.84v_CJ L=(1～2)d	≥17 kPa	v_min≥0.72v_CJ L=(3～6)d

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