An improved Asay foil method for measuring areal density of ejecta under complex loading conditions
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摘要: 为了解决传统Asay膜方法不适用于复杂加卸载条件下微喷射物质面密度测量的问题，采用光子多普勒速度计（photonic Doppler velocimetry, PDV）测量微喷射物质速度结合传统Asay膜方法的膜速曲线发展了测试复杂加载条件下微喷射面密度的新方法。采用数值实验和轻气炮实验对新方法进行了分析和评估。针对3种典型微喷射物质速度分布情况，利用数值实验分析评估了实际应用场景下因PDV给出的微喷物速度偏离理论值对面密度测量的影响，通过对PDV给出的微喷物速度线性插值处理，可确保新方法与理论值测量偏差小于20%。通过轻气炮加载预置粉末样品实验对比评估了新方法和传统方法的测量效果，采用2种方法分别处理同一发实验数据，结果显示，新方法相较于传统Asay膜方法的测量偏差小于20%。Abstract: The Asay foil has been a widely applied diagnostic in ejecta measurement since its design was first reported in 1976. An Asay foil is a foil of a known mass (or areal density), whose velocity changed when it is impacted by ejecta. The Foil velocity is measured using velocimetry and the ejecta velocity is inferred from the initial gap between foil and free surface and the ejecta fly time. The mass of the impacting ejecta can then be inferred from the change in momentum of the foil. In some cases, the ejecta spray out from complex loading conditions such as double shock loading condition, the initial gap and fly time are unable to measure accurately, thus the Asay foil method doesn’t work. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an Asay foil method that does not depend on the initial gap and fly time. An improved Asay foil method is then developed based on the traditional Asay foil method. This method uses photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) to obtain the ejecta velocity in the testing area of the Asay foil probe, and the Asay foil probe obtains the foil velocity curve after the ejecta collides with the foil. Based on spatial position constraints and precise temporal correlation, the combination of the two velocity curve results can provide the total amount and distribution of ejecta under complex loading conditions. A numerical experimental method was used to generate ejecta particle groups with different distribution states, as well as the PDV velocity curve and Asay foil velocity curve to analyze the applicability of the method. In addition, the numerical experimental analysis results were verified using light gas gun experiments. The numerical experimental analysis results show that this method has good applicability in three typical ejecta distribution cases, with a deviation of less than 20% between the measured value and the theoretical value. The results of the light gas gun tests indicate that the deviation between the improved method and the traditional Asay foil method is less than 20%.
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Key words:
- ejecta /
- Asay foil /
- photonic Doppler velocimetry /
- areal density
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图 1 Asay膜法微喷测量原理
Figure 1. The principle of the traditional Asay foil ejecta diagnostic
图 5 基于PDV测速的Asay膜实验示意图
Figure 5. Schematic of the improved Asay foil experiment based on PDV velocity measurement
图 6 数值实验获得的微喷射分布
Figure 6. Ejecta particles distributions obtained from numerical experiments
图 8 指数分布条件下Asay膜数值实验数据处理结果及相对偏差分析
Figure 8. Numerical experiment data processing results and deviation analysis using the new Asay foil method for exponential distribution of ejecta
图 9 反指数分布条件下Asay膜数值实验数据处理结果及相对偏差分析
Figure 9. Numerical experiment data processing results and deviation analysis using the new Asay foil method for anti-exponential distribution of ejecta
图 10 线性分布条件下Asay膜数值实验数据处理结果及偏差分析
Figure 10. Numerical experiment data processing results and deviation analysisusing the new Asay foil method for linear distribution of ejecta
图 11 模拟实际测试条件Asay膜数值实验结果与理论偏差分析
Figure 11. Analysis of numerical experimental results and theoretical deviation of Asay foil under simulated actual test conditions
图 12 实验Asay膜测速频谱信号和PDV测速频谱信号
Figure 12. Asay foil velocity spectrum signal and PDV velocity spectrum signal in experiment
图 13 两种Asay膜数据处理方法实验结果及相对偏差
Figure 13. Comparison of experimental results and relative deviation of two Asay foil data processing methods
表 1 不同数值实验条件下的数据处理参数
Table 1. Data processing parameters under different numerical experiment conditions
面密度
分布情况t1/μs t2/μs ve1/(m·s−1) ve2/(m·s−1) Me,l=10 mg/cm2 Me,l=20 mg/cm2 Me,l=40 mg/cm2 Me,l=10 mg/cm2 Me,l=20 mg/cm2 Me,l=40 mg/cm2 指数 0 2.950 3.355 3.785 2772.70 2460.83 2426.11 2393.23 反指数 0 0.046 0.101 0.240 2649.99 2644.86 2639.21 2625.85 线性 0 0.268 0.587 1.251 2649.99 2620.40 2588.02 2528.43 
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表 2 两种Asay膜数据处理方法使用的参数
Table 2. Parameters used in two different Asay foil data processing methods
方法 l/mm t0/μs mf/(mg·cm−2) t1/μs t2/μs ve1/(m·s−1) ve2/(m·s−1) 传统Asay膜法 19.5 28.33 156 新Asay膜法1 156 34.05 39.33 4180 2026 新Asay膜法2 156 34.05 39.33 4380 1826 新Asay膜法3 156 34.05 39.33 3980 2226
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