椭圆截面弹体侵彻性能的影响因素分析

刘均伟; 张先锋; 刘闯; 王佳敏; 熊玮; 谈梦婷; 肖川

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0132

椭圆截面弹体侵彻性能的影响因素分析

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0132

刘均伟^1,,
张先锋^1, ,,
刘闯¹,
王佳敏¹,
熊玮¹,
谈梦婷¹,
肖川²

1.
南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094
2.
北方工业集团公司，北京 100053

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（12141202，12202205）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘均伟（1996－　），男，博士研究生，liujunwei@njust.edu.cn

通讯作者:
张先锋（1978－　），男，博士，教授，lynx@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: O385
计量
- 文章访问数: 152
- HTML全文浏览量: 117
- PDF下载量: 73
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-10
- 录用日期: 2023-07-04
- 修回日期: 2023-06-13
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-11

Influencing factors of penetration performance of an elliptical cross-section projectile

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
2.
China North Industries Corporation, Beijing 100053, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究截面形状和头部曲径比对椭圆截面弹体侵彻性能的影响，开展了圆锥和椭圆锥压头的静态压痕试验，获得了不同截面压头缓慢贯入材料时的力-位移曲线。随后，基于30 mm弹道炮平台，开展了3种不同椭圆截面弹体在400~800 m/s撞击速度范围内正侵彻2A12厚铝靶试验，获得了靶体的破坏形貌及弹体侵彻深度。基于空腔膨胀模型及阻力函数修正系数，建立了椭圆截面弹体侵彻金属厚靶侵彻动力学模型，结合试验结果验证了模型的有效性，并系统分析了弹体截面形状和头部曲径比对侵彻性能的影响。研究结果表明，与圆锥压头相比，具有相同截面面积的椭圆锥压头贯入材料时阻力更大，当压头的截面长短轴比从1.00增大至2.00时，贯入阻力增大10.1%。当弹体截面面积相当，且各横截面保持长短轴比不变时，椭圆截面弹体的长短轴比越大，其侵彻性能越差；椭圆截面弹体侵彻性能随着截面长短轴比的增大和头部曲径比的减小而降低。
- 椭圆截面弹体 /
- 长短轴比 /
- 曲径比 /
- 侵彻性能 /
- 压痕试验
Abstract: In order to study the influence of the cross-section shape and caliber radius head on the penetration performance of elliptical cross-section projectiles, the static deep indentation test of the elliptical cross-section conical indenters was carried out, and the force-displacement curves of different cross-section indenter slowly penetrating the material were obtained. Then, by means of a 30-mm-caliber ballistic gun platform, a series of experiments were carried out on 2A12 thick aluminum targets subjected to normal penetration by three kinds of 30CrMnSi2A steel projectiles with different elliptical cross-section shapes in the striking velocity ranging from 400 m/s to 800 m/s. The penetration depth of projectiles and the failure morphology of targets were experimentally obtained. The penetration dynamic model of projectile into thick metal target was established on the basis of the cavity expansion theory and resistance function correction coefficient. The correctness of the theoretical model is validated by the experimental results in this paper, and the influence of the cross-section shape and caliber radius head of the projectile on the penetration performance are systematically analyzed. The results show that the elliptical section indenter with the same cross-sectional area has higher resistance while slowly penetrating into the material. When the major-to-minor axis length ratio of the cross-sectional of indenters increases from 1.00 to 2.00, the material resistance increases by 10.1%. It is found that there is a large difference in the failure morphology of the target under the penetration of circular and elliptical cross-section projectiles, and the shape of the target tunnel area is consistent with the shape of the projectile cross-section. In addition, when the cross-sectional area of the projectile is equivalent and the major-to-minor axis length ratio of each cross-section was constant, the penetration performance of projectile decreases with the increase of the larger the major-to-minor axis length ratio. The penetration performance of projectile with elliptical cross-section decreases with the increase of the major-to-minor axis length ratio and the decrease of the caliber radius head of the projectile.
- elliptical cross-section projectile /
- the major-to-minor axis length ratio /
- caliber radius head /
- penetration performance /
- deep indentation test

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图 1 CC1压头的设计

Figure 1. CC1 indenter drawing

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图 2 压头安装方式及现场布局

Figure 2. Installation and layout of the indenter

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图 3 压痕试验测量的力-位移曲线

Figure 3. Force-distance record in the deep indentation test

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图 4 试验弹体

Figure 4. Projectiles used in the test

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图 5 试验靶体

Figure 5. Targets used in the test

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图 6 试验示意图和现场布局

Figure 6. Layout of penetration test

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图 7 E2-2弹体飞行姿态

Figure 7. Flying attitude of the E2-2 projectile

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图 8 试验前后弹体对比

Figure 8. Comparison of projectiles before and after tests

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图 9 椭圆截面弹体的头部几何形状示意图

Figure 9. Nose geometry diagram of the elliptical cross-section projectile

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图 10 阻力函数修正系数

Figure 10. Correction coefficient for resistance function

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图 11 理论模型计算结果与试验结果的对比

Figure 11. Comparison of the theoretical model calculation results with test results

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图 12 不同长短轴比下侵彻深度与撞击速度的关系

Figure 12. Relationships between penetration depth and impact velocity at different major-to-minor axis length ratios

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图 13 不同长短轴比弹体头部的应力分布特性

Figure 13. Stress distribution characteristics of the projectile noses at different major-to-minor axis length ratios

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图 14 头部曲径比和长短轴比对侵彻深度的影响

Figure 14. Influence of r_CRH and β on penetration depth

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表 1 圆锥和椭圆锥压头的几何参数

Table 1. Main geometric parameters of circular and elliptical cross-section conical indenters

类型	横截面轮廓	2a/mm	2b/mm	β	最大横截面面积/mm²	长度/mm
CC1		8.00	8.00	1.00	50.27	60.00
EC1		9.80	6.53	1.50	50.27	60.00
EC2		11.31	5.66	2.00	50.27	60.00

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表 2 圆形和椭圆截面弹体的主要结构参数

Table 2. Main parameters of circular and elliptical cross-section projectiles

类型	弹体轮廓	β	最大横截面面积/mm²	m/g	L/mm	r_CRH
C1		1.00	556	360	43.2	3.60
E1		1.25	720	360	43.2	3.49
E2		1.61	556	360	43.2	5.64

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表 3 弹体侵彻2A12厚铝靶试验结果统计

Table 3. Test results of projectiles penetrating 2A12 thick aluminum targets

编号	类型	着角/(°)	俯仰角/(°)	偏航角/(°)	v₀/(m·s⁻¹)	P_e/mm
1	C1-1	0.39	0.41	0.08	773.1	252.77
2	E1-1	1.18	0.38	0.67	810.1	217.18
3	E2-1	1.49	0.41	1.74	816.2	274.55
4	C1-2	1.44	0.30	0.86	608.0	175.73
5	E1-2	0.95	0.26	1.87	604.2	143.93
6	E2-2	0.43	0.20	1.03	563.8	159.17
7	E1-3	0.41	0.53	2.79	398.3	72.92
8	E2-3	0.25	0.39	0	402.2	99.30

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表 4 弹体侵彻深度计算结果与试验结果的误差

Table 4. Deviation of penetration depth between calculation results and test results

弹体编号	v₀/(m·s⁻¹)	P_e/mm			相对试验结果的误差/%
弹体编号	v₀/(m·s⁻¹)	试验结果	SCE模型	本文模型	SCE模型	本文模型
C1-1	773.1	252.77	285.98	285.98	13.14	13.14
E1-1	810.1	217.18	239.32	229.05	10.19	5.47
E2-1	816.2	274.55	319.24	289.24	16.28	5.35
C1-2	608.0	175.73	191.95	191.95	9.23	9.23
E1-2	604.2	143.93	150.33	144.25	4.45	0.22
E2-2	563.8	159.17	172.56	157.41	8.41	−1.11
E1-3	398.3	72.92	79.61	76.86	9.17	5.40
E2-3	402.2	99.30	100.17	92.25	0.88	−7.10

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表 5 5种椭圆锥弹体结构的质量参数

Table 5. Main parameters of five typical elliptical cone projectiles

类型	弹体轮廓	2a/mm	2b/mm	β	m/g	L/mm
E_C-1		23.60	23.60	1.00	360	144
E_C-2		26.38	21.11	1.25	360	144
E_C-3		28.90	19.26	1.50	360	144
E_C-4		31.22	17.84	1.75	360	144
E_C-5		33.36	16.68	2.00	360	144

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表 6 5种椭圆截面弹体结构的质量参数

Table 6. Main parameters of five typical elliptical cross-section projectiles

类型	弹体轮廓示意图	2a/mm	2b/mm	β	r_CRH	m/g	L/mm
E_CS-1		23.60	23.60	1.00	3.60	360	144
E_CS-2		28.90	19.26	1.50	5.28	360	144
E_CS-3		33.36	16.68	2.00	6.95	360	144
E_CS-4		28.90	19.26	1.50	3.60	360	144
E_CS-5		33.36	16.68	2.00	3.60	360	144

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