单轨火箭橇-发动机一体化设计

郝芬芬; 赵项伟; 王磊; 程明灿; 刘禁

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2023-0259

单轨火箭橇-发动机一体化设计

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2023-0259

郝芬芬^{1, 2,},
赵项伟^2, ,,
王磊²,
程明灿²,
刘禁²

1.
西安交通大学航天航空学院，陕西西安 710049
2.
中国兵器工业试验测试研究院，陕西华阴 714200

详细信息

作者简介:
郝芬芬（1987－　），女，博士研究生，副研究员，haofenfen2010@stu.xjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
赵项伟（1992－　），男，硕士，助理研究员，zhaoxiangwei1992@sina.cn

中图分类号: O389; TJ013.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 48
- HTML全文浏览量: 10
- PDF下载量: 11
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-21
- 修回日期: 2024-01-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-04

Integrated design of monorail rocket sled and motor

HAO Fenfen^{1, 2
,},
ZHAO Xiangwei^{2
, ,},
WANG Lei²,
CHENG Mingcan²,
LIU Jin²

1.
School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
2.
Norinco Group Test and Measuring Academy, Huayin 714200, Shaanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 针对传统单轨火箭橇系统零部件附加质量过高的问题，提出了一种由发动机和滑靴组成的箭橇一体化结构，采用三维欧拉-伯努利梁单元对火箭橇系统进行离散，对滑靴位置做寻优计算，发现中滑靴处于前后滑靴的中间位置时，系统振动量最小，位置分布最优。设计了3种滑靴与发动机壳体连接的方案：(1) 滑靴通过锯齿形焊缝与发动机壳体包覆连接，(2) 发动机壳体直接堆放在滑靴靴体上，(3) 滑靴通过支撑板过渡件与发动机壳体连接。采用橇-轨耦合动力学方法计算方案2和方案3的在轨安全性，方案3的火箭橇系统力学环境更优，其系统附加质量比传统单轨橇降低了73%。最后，开展了箭橇一体化验证试验，验证了箭橇一体化设计方案的合理性。
- 火箭橇 /
- 固体火箭发动机 /
- 箭橇一体化 /
- 振动
Abstract: The solid rocket motor is the only power source of the system in the rocket sled test, the traditional monorail rocket sled generally consists of the rocket motor, the motor mounting components, the reinforced longitudinal beam and the slippers, in which only the test object and the motor charge are effective mass, while the rest of the structures are additional mass, so reducing the additional mass can improve the thrust-to-weight ratio of the rocket sled system. In response to the problem of excessive mass added to the components of the conventional monorail rocket sled system, an integrated rocket sled and motor structure consisting of motor and slippers is proposed. The three-dimensional Euler-Bernoulli beam unit is used to discretize the rocket sled system and obtain the optimal distribution position of the slippers, then it is found that the vibration is minimized when the middle slipper is located between the front slipper and the back slipper. Three options for connecting the slipper to the motor housing are designed: in the first option the slipper is wrapped and connected to the motor housing by serrated welds; in the second one the motor housing is stacked directly on the slipper body; and in the third one the motor housing is connected to the slipper by supported transition plates. A comparative analysis of the on-rail safety of the latter two options is performed using the sled-rail coupling dynamics method, which indicates that the mechanical environment of the integrated rocket sled is better when the sled slippers and the motor housing are connected by the supported plates as transition structures, and the additional mass of the system is reduced by 73% compared to that of the traditional monorail sled. Finally, the validation test of the integrated motor with sled validation test was implemented and the collected data were analyzed, showing that: the integrated motor with sled proposed in this paper is reasonable and feasible, and the motor vibration level is comparable to that of the traditional rocket sled.
- rocket sled /
- solid rocket motor /
- integrated motor with sled /
- vibration

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图 1 传统单轨橇

Figure 1. Traditional monorail sled

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图 2 火箭橇模型

Figure 2. Model of rocket sled

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图 3 火箭橇离散模型

Figure 3. Discrete model of rocket sled

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图 4 不同中滑靴位置时各滑靴竖向过载的均方根

Figure 4. Root mean square of vertical overloads for each slipper located at different middle slipper positions

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图 5 不同中滑靴位置时各滑靴侧向过载的均方根

Figure 5. Root mean square of lateral overloads for each slipper located at different middle slipper positions

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图 6 滑靴和发动机壳体的固连方案

Figure 6. The retention scheme of slipper and motor housing

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图 7 轨道的不平顺度

Figure 7. Roughness of the rail

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图 8 轨道系统

Figure 8. Rail system

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图 9 橇-轨耦合系统模型

Figure 9. Sled-rail coupling system model

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图 10 橇-轨耦合系统模型的局部网格划分

Figure 10. Local grid model of sled-rail coupling system

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图 11 试验橇体模型

Figure 11. Model of test sled

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图 12 发动机中段顶部的振动过载

Figure 12. Vibration overloads at the top of the mid-motor section

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图 13 发动机中段顶部振动过载的均方根

Figure 13. Root mean square of vibration overloads at the top of the mid-motor section

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图 14 一体化橇与传统橇发动机中段顶部振动过载的均方根对比

Figure 14. Comparison of root mean square of vibration overloads between integrated sled and traditional sled at the top of the mid-motor section

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表 1 720 m/s时各部件的气动力

Table 1. Aerodynamic force of each component at the speed of 720 m/s

部件	气动阻力/N	气动升力/N
二级橇舱体	13693	−4630
二级橇阻力板	15370	−223
一级橇	8613	7011
二级橇前滑靴	10122	−1724
二级橇后滑靴	1987	−316
一级橇前滑靴	742	86

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表 2 滑靴间隙设置

Table 2. Slippers gap setting

滑靴编号	侧向间隙/mm	竖向间隙/mm
1	0.70	1.50
2	0.70	1.50
3	0.66	1.44
4	0.66	1.44
5	0.73	1.65
6	0.78	1.77

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表 3 关键部件振动过载的均方根

Table 3. Root mean square of overloads for critical components

部件	σ/g
	方案2		方案3
	竖向	侧向	竖向	侧向
前滑靴	55	68	57	65
中滑靴	36	81	39	50
后滑靴	65	104	39	80
发动机前端	27	91	22	49
发动机后端	27	98	22	38

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