Dynamic characteristics and damage mechanism of freeze-thaw treated red sandstone under cyclic impact
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摘要: 为探索循环动力扰动作用下冻融岩体的强度和变形特性及损伤机理，开展了两种冲击气压下冻融红砂岩的循环冲击试验，研究了循环冲击次数和冻融次数对应力波传播、动态应力-应变曲线、峰值应力和峰值应变的影响规律；基于Lemaitre应变等效原理，提出了能够综合考虑循环冲击和冻融影响的累积损伤因子的计算方法，分析了冻融和循环冲击作用后红砂岩的微观结构特征。结果表明：循环冲击荷载下不同冻融次数处理后的红砂岩试样均呈拉伸破坏模式；红砂岩试样可承受的循环冲击次数与冻融次数呈负相关，冻融75次后试样在首次冲击后即达到破坏状态；循环冲击次数主要影响透射波的起跳点、峰值点对应的横坐标和振幅以及反射波的振幅，而冻融循环次数对第一次冲击时透射波的起跳点、峰值点对应的横坐标和振幅影响较大；红砂岩试样累积损伤因子与动态峰值应力呈现较好的负相关变化规律；冻融和循环冲击复合作用后红砂岩内部裂纹沿颗粒边界扩展且与孔洞连接形成较为复杂的网络。
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关键词:
- 循环冲击 /
- 红砂岩 /
- 冻融循环 /
- 分离式Hopkinson压杆 /
- 累积损伤因子
Abstract: Studying the strength, deformation and damage mechanism of freeze-thaw treated rock mass under the action of cyclic dynamic disturbance was of important significance for reducing engineering disasters and improving rock breaking efficiency in cold regions. The cyclic impact tests of freeze-thaw treated red sandstone under two kinds of impact pressure were carried out to investigate the effects of cyclic impact number and freeze-thaw number on stress wave propagation, dynamic stress-strain curve, peak stress, and peak strain. In addition, the calculation method of cumulative damage factor, which can comprehensive consider the effects of cyclic impact and freeze-thaw, is proposed based on the Lemaitre strain equivalence principle. Finally, the microstructure characteristics of red sandstone after freeze-thaw and cyclic impact are analyzed in detail. Results show that red sandstone specimens treated with different freeze-thaw number show tensile failure mode under cyclic impact load. The cyclic impact number that red sandstone specimen can withstand is negatively correlated with freeze-thaw cycle number, and red sandstone specimen after 75 freeze-thaw cycles treatments reaches the failure state after the first impact loading. Moreover, the cyclic impact number mainly affects the jump point, abscissa corresponding to peak point and amplitude of transmitted waves, and the amplitude of reflected waves. While the freeze-thaw number shows a great effect on the jump point, abscissa corresponding to peak point, and amplitude of transmitted waves during the first impact process. The cumulative damage factor of red sandstone specimen exhibits a good negative correlation with the dynamic peak stress. After the combination effects of freeze-thaw and cyclic impact, the cracks inside red sandstone spread along the grain boundary and connect with the pores to form a complex network. -
图 4 循环冲击下不同冻融循环次数红砂岩破坏形态
Figure 4. Failure modes of red sandstone after different F-T numbers under cyclic impact
图 5 冻融次数与循环冲击次数的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between F-T cycle number and cyclic impact time
图 8 0.16 MPa冲击气压下冻融后红砂岩试样的循环冲击动态应力-应变曲线
Figure 8. Cyclic impact dynamic stress-strain curves of freeze-thaw cycles treated red sandstone specimen under 0.16 MPa impact pressure
图 9 0.18 MPa冲击气压下冻融后红砂岩试样的循环冲击动态应力-应变曲线
Figure 9. Cyclic impact dynamic stress-strain curves of freeze-thaw cycles treated red sandstone specimen under 0.18 MPa impact pressure
图 10 红砂岩试样动态峰值应力与循环冲击次数的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between dynamic peak stress of red sandstone specimen and cyclic impact number
图 11 红砂岩试样动态峰值应变与循环冲击次数的关系
Figure 11. Relationship between dynamic peak strain of red sandstone specimen and cyclic impact times
图 12 红砂岩试样累积损伤因子与循环冲击次数的关系
Figure 12. Relationship between cumulative damage factor of red sandstone and cyclic impact time
图 13 红砂岩试样累积损伤因子与峰值应力的关系
Figure 13. Relationship between cumulative damage factor of red sandstone and peak stress
图 14 未经历冻融循环的红砂岩试样在循环冲击作用后微观结构
Figure 14. Microstructure of a red sandstone specimen after cyclic impacts without F-T cycle
图 15 经历10次冻融循环的红砂岩试样在循环冲击作用后微观结构
Figure 15. Microstructure of a red sandstone specimen after 10 F-T cycles and then cyclic impacts
图 16 经历25次冻融循环的红砂岩试样在循环冲击作用后微观结构
Figure 16. Microstructure of a red sandstone specimen after 25 F-T cycles and then cyclic impacts
图 17 经历40次冻融循环的红砂岩试样在循环冲击作用后微观结构
Figure 17. Microstructure of a red sandstone specimen after 40 F-T cycles and then cyclic impacts
图 18 经历55次冻融循环的红砂岩试样在循环冲击作用后微观结构
Figure 18. Microstructure of a red sandstone specimen after 55 F-T cycles and then cyclic impacts
图 19 经历75次冻融循环的红砂岩试样在循环冲击作用后微观结构
Figure 19. Microstructure of a red sandstone specimen after 75 F-T cycles and then cyclic impacts
表 1 红砂岩试样物理力学参数
Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of red sandstone specimen
密度/（kg·m−3） 孔隙率/% 静态抗压强度/MPa 静态变形模量/GPa 动态抗压强度/MPa 动态变形模量/GPa 2391 7.61 76.65 4.65 97.53 19.32 注：准静态应变率为1.67×10−4 s−1，动态应变率为212 s−1. 
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表 2 冲击气压为0.16 MPa时红砂岩试样的动态峰值应力、峰值应变和变形模量
Table 2. Dynamic peak stresses, peak strains, and deformation moduli of red sandstone specimens at the impact gas pressure of 0.16 MPa
冻融循环
次数循环冲击
次数动态峰值
应力/MPa动态峰值
应变动态变形
模量/GPa冻融循环
次数循环冲击
次数动态峰值
应力/MPa动态峰值
应变动态变形
模量/GPa0 1 29.08 0.0038 11.13 25 1 28.36 0.0043 9.35 2 30.12 0.0035 12.48 2 26.63 0.0044 8.02 3 28.40 0.0042 9.35 3 26.58 0.0046 7.84 4 26.59 0.0045 8.01 4 25.97 0.0051 7.48 5 24.08 0.0050 7.60 5 24.78 0.0052 6.23 6 23.49 0.0052 6.53 6 20.13 0.0052 5.73 7 21.39 0.0056 5.14 7 19.79 0.0058 3.39 8 20.56 0.0061 4.48 40 1 27.30 0.0045 8.49 10 1 29.24 0.0041 10.25 2 26.46 0.0048 8.01 2 28.76 0.0043 9.36 3 25.90 0.0049 7.48 3 28.36 0.0044 7.84 4 23.52 0.0052 6.54 4 27.11 0.0044 7.45 5 19.04 0.0054 4.98 5 26.76 0.0045 6.76 55 1 22.08 0.0051 6.06 6 26.73 0.0054 5.36 2 21.38 0.0057 5.12 7 21.39 0.0056 5.13 3 20.52 0.0060 4.48 8 17.64 0.0058 3.56 75 1 13.41 0.0063 4.98
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表 3 冲击气压为0.18 MPa时红砂岩试样的动态峰值应力、峰值应变和变形模量
Table 3. Dynamic peak stresses, peak strains, and deformation moduli of red sandstone specimens at the impact gas pressure of 0.18 MPa
冻融循环
次数循环冲击
次数动态峰值
应力/MPa动态峰值
应变动态变形
模量/GPa冻融循环
次数循环冲击
次数动态峰值
应力/MPa动态峰值
应变动态变形
模量/GPa0 1 39.35 0.0035 13.25 25 1 36.23 0.0043 10.83 2 38.93 0.0038 12.35 2 34.57 0.0051 8.91 3 37.88 0.0042 10.98 3 32.57 0.0053 8.00 4 36.21 0.0044 9.74 4 27.31 0.0054 7.39 5 34.42 0.0047 8.18 5 24.83 0.0058 5.61 6 31.50 0.0053 6.51 6 24.34 0.0064 4.78 7 22.48 0.0054 4.56 40 1 34.69 0.0048 8.56 10 1 39.93 0.0040 12.66 2 29.24 0.0051 6.86 2 39.33 0.0042 11.92 3 26.31 0.0055 5.33 3 36.21 0.0044 10.83 4 21.87 0.0061 4.49 4 31.90 0.0045 9.35 55 1 27.92 0.0051 7.53 5 29.62 0.0049 7.58 2 20.65 0.0055 5.34 6 26.68 0.0052 5.16 75 1 21.14 0.0062 5.23 7 25.25 0.0057 4.76
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