Application of colorimetric pyrometer in the measurement of transient explosion temperature
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摘要: 为了研究瞬态爆炸温度场分布规律，基于高速相机、黑体辐射理论、图像传感器的拜尔阵列和自编python代码，构建了依据比色测温原理的高速二维温度测试系统，并对添加不同含量TiH2的乳化炸药、TiH2粉尘以及C2H2气体的爆炸温度场进行了测量。实验结果表明：TiH2的加入可以显著提高炸药的爆炸温度和火球持续时间，当乳化炸药中的TiH2质量分数为6%时，爆炸平均温度最大值为3048 K，相比纯乳化炸药提高了41.5%；此外，TiH2粉尘云火焰平均温度呈现先增大，再稳定，最后减小的趋势，浓度为500 g/m3的粉尘云火焰平均温度高于浓度为833 g/m3的平均温度，其最高平均温度分别为2231 和 2192 K；10%C2H2/90%空气预混气体（即体积分数为10%的C2H2和90%空气组成）的早期火焰温度均匀，内部略低于边缘温度，随着火焰膨胀，火焰边缘温度逐渐升高，火焰平均温度开始降低。与传统爆炸测温手段相比，比色测温方法可以准确测量某区域的瞬态爆炸温度，获得温度分布云图，为研究瞬态爆轰温度规律及影响因素提供了一种新的技术手段。Abstract: To study the distribution law of transient explosion temperature field, a high-speed two-dimensional temperature measuring system according to the colorimetric temperature measurement principle was constructed using a high-speed camera, the gray-body radiation principle, Bayer array of the image sensor, and a self-compiled python code. The relationship between the gray value of high-speed camera image and explosion temperature was deduced. And the Bayer filter of the image sensor was used to obtain the intensity information of red, green, and blue light on each pixel, which was calculated through Python code with the edge adaptive interpolation algorithm. A tungsten filament lamp was selected as the temperature source for calibration. The explosion temperature fields of emulsion explosives with different TiH2 powder contents, TiH2 dust, and C2H2 gas were measured by the system. The experimental results show that the addition of TiH2 powders could significantly increase the explosion temperature and fireball duration of emulsion explosives. When the mass content of TiH2 powders in emulsion explosive is 6%, the maximum average temperature of the explosion is 3048 K, a 41.5% increase than that of pure emulsion explosive. In addition, the average flame temperature of the TiH2 dust cloud increases first, then stabilizes, and finally decreases. The mean flame temperature of the 500 g/m3 dust is higher than that of 833 g/m3 dust, with the corresponding maximum mean temperatures of 2231 and 2192 K, respectively. The early flame temperature distribution of the premixed 10% C2H2/90% air was uniform, with the internal temperature slightly lower than the edge temperature. As the flame expands, the flame edge temperature gradually increases, while the average flame temperature begins to decrease, and the maximum average temperature is 2523 K. Compared with the traditional explosion temperature measurement method, the colorimetric pyrometer method can accurately measure the transient explosion temperature in a certain region and obtain the temperature distribution cloud map, which provided a new technical means for studying transient detonation temperature and its influencing factors.
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图 5 炸药爆炸及比色测温实验
Figure 5. The explosive explosion and colorimetric temperature measurement experiment
图 8 无TiH2粉末乳化炸药不同时刻的爆炸温度
Figure 8. The explosion temperature maps of emulsion explosive without TiH2 powders at different times
图 9 含6% TiH2粉末的乳化炸药在不同时间的爆炸温度
Figure 9. Explosion temperature maps of the emulsion explosive with 6% TiH2 powder at different times
图 10 质量浓度为500 g/m3的TiH2尘云中的火焰温度发展
Figure 10. Flame temperature development in the 500 g/m3 TiH2 dust clouds
图 11 质量浓度为833 g/m3的TiH2尘云中的火焰温度发展
Figure 11. Flame temperature development in the 833 g/m3 TiH2 dust clouds
图 12 不同质量浓度的TiH2粉尘云温度曲线
Figure 12. Temperature curves of TiH2 dust clouds with different concentrations
图 13 10%C2H2/70%空气火焰发展的温度分布图
Figure 13. Evolution of the flame temperature distribution of the 10%-C2H2/70%-air mixture
表 1 乳化基质的质量分数
Table 1. Mass fraction of emulsion matrix
NH4NO3 NaNO3 C18H38 C12H26 C24H44O6 H2O 0.75 0.10 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.08 
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表 2 乳化炸药样品的组成
Table 2. Composition of emulsion explosive samples
样品 质量分数/% 乳化基质 GMs TiH2 A 96 4 0 B 90 4 6
下载: 导出CSV
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