The photomultiplier tube (PMT) is the core component of the neutrino detector. It is a thin shell structure made of glass material with a vacuum inside and arranged to work in deep water. Once the PMT is crushed, it generates a strong shock wave, which will cause a blast of the surrounding PMT. Aiming at the implosion of PMT, a simplified simulation model of PMT implosion was established, and the simulation results were compared with the experimental results to verify the rationality of the simplified model. On this basis, the PMT implosion calculation method was proposed based on the area reduction equivalent model, the influence of the breach area of the guard on the PMT implosion was analyzed by the equivalent model. The results show that with the decrease of the breach area of the guard, the moment of PMT implosion caused by the collision of water flow is correspondingly advanced, the pulse width of the shock wave generated by the implosion remains basically unchanged, and the peak value of the shock wave is significantly reduced. This study is helpful for finding an effective PMT implosion protection method.
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