Ballistic limit of an impedance-graded-material enhanced Whipple shield

ZHANG Pinliang; CAO Yan; CHEN Chuan; SONG Guangming; WU Qiang; LI Yu; GONG Zizheng; LI Ming

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2021-0230

Volume 42 Issue 2

Feb. 2022

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Article Navigation > Explosion And Shock Waves > 2022 > 42(2): 023301

ZHANG Pinliang, CAO Yan, CHEN Chuan, SONG Guangming, WU Qiang, LI Yu, GONG Zizheng, LI Ming. Ballistic limit of an impedance-graded-material enhanced Whipple shield[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2022, 42(2): 023301. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0230

Citation:

ZHANG Pinliang, CAO Yan, CHEN Chuan, SONG Guangming, WU Qiang, LI Yu, GONG Zizheng, LI Ming. Ballistic limit of an impedance-graded-material enhanced Whipple shield[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2022, 42(2): 023301. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0230

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Ballistic limit of an impedance-graded-material enhanced Whipple shield

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0230

1.
Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing 100094, China
2.
China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China

Received Date: 2021-06-04
Accepted Date: 2021-12-02
Rev Recd Date: 2021-08-10

Available Online: 2021-12-06

Publish Date: 2022-02-28

Abstract

Abstract

Impedance-graded-material enhanced Whipple shields have excellent protective performance. The purpose of this paper is to study the ballistic limit of Ti/Al/Mg shields, which is an improved impedance-graded-material enhanced Whipple shield. Hypervelocity impact experiments on Ti/Al/Mg, Al/Mg and 2A12 shields were performed using a two-stage light-gas gun at impact velocities of 3.0–8.0 km/s. The hypervelocity impact characteristics, the ballistic limit curve and shielding performance of the Ti/Al/Mg shields were studied. The reason of its excellent performance is explained by comparative analysis. As the impact velocity increases, the failure mode of the rear wall showed a detached spall or tearing damage instead of tiny perforations similar to an aluminum shield. The results show that a high-acoustic-impedance titanium alloy layer can generate higher shock pressures and induce a greater temperature increase, which is more effective for fragmenting an impacting projectile. The shock pressure and specific internal energy in the projectile increased by 23.0% and 30.7% compared to the aluminum on aluminum impact event at 8.0 km/s, respectively. The shielding capability of a Ti/Al/Mg shield is significantly greater than that of 2A12 and Al/Mg shields when the bumper has the same areal density. The critical projectile diameter of Ti/Al/Mg shields is 6.58 mm at ~8.0 km/s, which is an improvement of approximately 34.8 % compared to the 4.88 mm of aluminum shields. Finally, to explore the transition velocities of the ballistic limit curve of the Ti/Al/Mg shields, a theoretical analysis was conducted, which suggests that for an aluminum projectile impacting a Ti/Al/Mg bumper, this value might be ＜7.0 km/s. However, a transition point is not apparent in the experimental ballistic limit curve, and the critical projectile diameter increases with increasing velocity in the range of 3.0–8.0 km/s. It is different from the typical Whipple shield. Further hypervelocity impact tests and additional research needs to be conducted to study in detail the ballistic limit of the Ti/Al/Mg shields.
- hypervelocity impact,
- Whipple shield,
- impedance-graded material,
- ballistic limit,
- space debris

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References

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