爆炸烟云扩散的时空分布模型及特性

段中山; 过惠平; 冯孝杰; 罗昆升; 袁伟

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2017-0380

爆炸烟云扩散的时空分布模型及特性

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2017-0380

段中山^{1, 2,},
过惠平¹,
冯孝杰²,
罗昆升³,
袁伟³

1.
火箭军工程大学核工程学院，陕西西安 710025
2.
陆军勤务学院，重庆 401331
3.
火箭军研究院，北京 100085

基金项目: 国家863工程计划（2012AA063501）；军队装备预先研究（426040302）

详细信息

作者简介:
段中山（1987－　），男，博士，讲师，zsn_312@163.com

中图分类号: O381; O354.7
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-10-19
- 修回日期: 2018-02-12
- 刊出日期: 2019-05-01

Temporal and spatial distribution models of explosive cloud diffusionand their characteristics

1.
School of Nuclear Engineering, Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi’an 710025, Shaanxi, China
2.
Army Service University, Chongqing 401331, China
3.
Institute of Rocket Force, Beijing 100085, China

摘要

摘要: 针对爆炸烟云扩散的时空分布问题，在严格限定实验条件的前提下，设计并开展了不同当量、不同地面条件、不同炸药装置壳体厚度的3组TNT爆炸烟云扩散外场实验，获得了不同实验条件下烟云扩散时空分布数据，运用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)对爆炸烟云的扩散过程进行了数值模拟。通过分析实验和数值模拟获取的烟云时空分布数据，得到了烟云扩散形态演变过程及浮力流场信息，确定了厚水泥地面条件和硬质地面条件下不同的爆炸烟云扩散高度分布模型。研究结果表明：采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法来表征烟云时空分布模型是科学可行的，爆炸烟云高度随时间呈1/2次幂函数增长，烟云宽度短时间内几乎呈线性扩展，烟云温度随时间呈反比例函数衰减，爆轰地面条件和炸药装置壳体厚度对烟云扩散高度均有不同程度的影响。
- TNT爆炸 /
- 烟云扩散 /
- 计算流体力学 /
- 时空分布
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of temporal and spatial distribution of explosive clouds, three groups of TNT explosion cloud field experiments were designed and carried out under the premise of strictly restricting the explosion conditions. The experiments obtained the spatiotemporal distribution of cloud under different experimental conditions. The diffusion process of the explosive cloud was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). By analyzing the space-time distribution data from the cloud experiments and simulations, the evolution process of the cloud and the information of the buoyancy flow field were obtained, and the diffusion height distribution models of different clouds were determined under the conditions of thick cement floor and hard ground. The results show that the combination of experiment and simulation can be used to characterize the spatial and temporal distribution model of the cloud. The cloud height of the explosion increases by 1/2 power function with time. The cloud width increases linearly with time in a short time. The temperature of the cloud attenuates in inverse proportion to time. The ground conditions for the detonation, and the shell thickness of the explosive device can affect the diffusion height of the explosive cloud in different degrees.
- TNT explosion /
- cloud diffusion /
- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) /
- time-space distribution

HTML全文

图 1 SCM模型^[13]

Figure 1. Source characterization model^[13]

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图 2 理想烟云扩散示意图^[2]

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the ideal cloud spread^[2]

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图 3 外场实验

Figure 3. Outfield experiment

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图 4 实验得到的烟云时空分布

Figure 4. Experimental spatial and temporal distribution of the cloud

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图 5 模拟得到的烟云时空分布

Figure 5. Simulated spatial and temporal distribution of the cloud

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图 6 不同当量的TNT爆炸烟云高度随时间的变化

Figure 6. Heights varying with time for explosion clouds of TNT explosives having different weights

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图 7 烟云宽度增长规律

Figure 7. Growth law of cloud width

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图 8 烟云顶温衰减规律

Figure 8. Attenuation law of cloud top temperature

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图 9 不同地面条件下爆炸烟云高度随时间的变化

Figure 9. Explosion cloud height varying with time under different ground conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 实验分组

Table 1. Experiment groups

组号	M/kg	地面条件	水平风速	炸药装置	大气稳定性	T₀/℃	φ/%
1	1	厚水泥地面	无风	裸装药	基本稳定	25±3	40～60
	16	厚水泥地面	无风	裸装药	基本稳定	25±3	40～60
	62	厚水泥地面	无风	裸装药	基本稳定	25±3	40～60
2	16	硬质地面	无风	裸装药	基本稳定	25±3	40～60
2	62	硬质地面	无风	裸装药	基本稳定	25±3	40～60
3	62	厚水泥地面	无风	厚铁壳	基本稳定	25±3	40～60

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 烟云高度拟合参数

Table 2. Parameters of cloud height fit

M/kg	a	b	R
1	6.15	0.518	0.983
16	14.92	0.502	0.995
62	25.56	0.486	0.987

下载: 导出CSV

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