激光选区熔化Ti-6Al-4V合金的动态力学性能及其本构关系

朱磊; 刘洋; 孟锦晖; 李治国; 胡建波; 李国平; 王永刚

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2021-0227

激光选区熔化Ti-6Al-4V合金的动态力学性能及其本构关系

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2021-0227

朱磊^{1, 2,},
刘洋^{1, 2, 3, ,},
孟锦晖^{1, 2},
李治国³,
胡建波³,
李国平²,
王永刚^{1, 2}

1.
宁波大学冲击与安全工程教育部重点实验室，浙江宁波 315211
2.
宁波大学机械工程与力学学院，浙江宁波 315211
3.
中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室，四川绵阳 621999

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51905279, 11972202）；科学挑战计划（TZ2018001）；冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室基金（6142A03201002）；冲击波物理与爆轰物理重点实验室稳定支持科研项目(JCKYS2019212009)；冲击与安全工程教育部重点实验室开放课题（CJ2020007）

详细信息

作者简介:
朱　磊（1995－　），男，硕士研究生，rayle1020@foxmail.com

通讯作者:
刘　洋（1987－　），男，博士，副教授，liuyang1@nbu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O347; TG146.2
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- 文章访问数: 337
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-04
- 修回日期: 2021-11-18
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-29

Dynamic mechanical properties and constitutive relationship of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy

ZHU Lei^{1, 2
,},
LIU Yang^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
MENG Jinhui^{1, 2},
LI Zhiguo³,
HU Jianbo³,
LI Guoping²,
WANG Yonggang^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
2.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
3.
National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 为了开展激光选区熔化（SLM）增材制造钛合金的动态力学性能研究，分别采用热模拟材料试验机、分离式霍普金森压杆装置对激光选区熔化钛合金在不同温度下进行了准静态和动态压缩实验，并基于实验结果拟合Johnson-Cook本构模型，同时对钛合金在高温、高应变率下的力学行为进行了有限元模拟。结果表明，相对于铸造或锻造钛合金，激光选区熔化钛合金具有更细小、均匀的组织，使其屈服强度有明显的提升，且表现出明显的应变率强化效应和热软化效应。有限元模拟结果与实验有着较高的重合度，进一步验证了本构参数的有效性，为扩大激光选区熔化技术及其产品的应用提供了理论基础。
- 激光选区熔化 /
- Ti-6Al-4V合金 /
- 动态力学性能 /
- Johnson-Cook本构 /
- 有限元模拟
Abstract: Aiming at understanding the dynamic mechanical properties of titanium alloys additively manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM), quasi-static and dynamic impact experiments were carried out on selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy at different temperatures using thermal simulation material testing machine and SHPB device, respectively. Based on the experimental results, the parameters of Johnson-Cook constitutive model are fitted. Meanwhile, the mechanical behaviors of titanium alloy at high temperature and high strain rates were simulated by finite element method. The results show that the yield strength of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy is enhanced significantly compared with those of wrought or forged counterparts, Moreover, it exhibits significant strain rate strengthening effect and thermal softening effect. The finite element simulation results are close to the experimental results and further validate the constitutive model parameters, which could provide a theoretical basis for expanding the application of selective laser melting technique and its products.
- selective laser melting /
- Ti-6Al-4V alloy /
- dynamic mechanical properties /
- Johnson-Cook constitutive model /
- finite element simulation

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图 1 SLM扫描策略及圆柱试样

Figure 1. SLM scanning strategy and cylindrical specimens

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图 2 激光选区熔化钛合金的光学和扫描电子显微镜图片

Figure 2. Optical metallography and SEM micrographs of the SLMed titanium alloy

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图 3 激光选区熔化钛合金的EBSD表征、相图和极图

Figure 3. EBSD characterization, phase map and pole figures of the SLMed titanium alloy

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图 4 准静态及动态压缩实验原理简图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of quasi-static and dynamic compression experiments

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图 5 不同温度下准静态压缩的应力（σ）-应变（ε）曲线

Figure 5. Quasi-static compressive stress (σ)-strain (ε) curves at different temperatures

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图 6 室温下动态压缩的应力（σ）-应变（ε）曲线

Figure 6. Dynamic compressive stress (σ)-strain (ε) curves at room temperature

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图 7 室温下钛合金的极限抗压强度（σ_u）-应变率（$\dot{\varepsilon }$）曲线

Figure 7. Ultimate compressive strength (σ_u) -strain rate ($\dot{\varepsilon }$) curve of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at room temperature

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图 8 不同温度下2000 s⁻¹应变率压缩的应力（σ）-应变（ε）曲线

Figure 8. Compressive stress (σ)-strain (ε) curves at 2000 s⁻¹ strain rate at different temperatures

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图 9 冲击后的纵截面的EBSD表征

Figure 9. EBSD characterisation of longitudinal sections after impact

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图 10 加载前后的晶粒尺寸

Figure 10. Grain sizes before and after loading

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图 11 动态冲击有限元仿真模型

Figure 11. Dynamic impact finite element simulation model

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图 12 实验与仿真的应力-应变曲线对比

Figure 12. Comparison of stress-strain curves between experiment and simulation

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表 1 其他文献Johnson-Cook本构参数与本文结果对比

Table 1. Comparison of the Johnson-Cook constitutive model parameters in references and this article

文献	加工工艺	A/MPa	B/MPa	n	C	m
[22]	铸造	830	809	0.26	0.012	−
[23]	锻造	997.9	653.1	0.45	0.0198	0.7
[24]	轧制	985	830	0.3794	0.0161	0.7646
[25]	轧制	1060	1090	0.884	0.0117	1.1
[26]	轧制	1104	1036	0.6349	0.0139	0.7794
[27]	热挤压	782.7	498.4	0.28	0.028	1
[28]	电子束选区熔化	1119	838.6	0.4734	0.01921	0.6437
[29]	激光选区熔化	1100	889	0.32	−	−
本文结果	激光选区熔化	1186	734	0.36	0.025	0.82

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表 2 其他有限元模拟参数

Table 2. Other finite element simulation parameters

材料	密度/（kg·m⁻³）	杨氏模量/GPa	泊松比	线膨胀系数/℃⁻¹	热导率/（W·m⁻¹·℃⁻¹）	比热/（J·kg⁻¹·℃⁻¹）
Ti-6Al-4V	4500	114	0.34	8.6×10⁻⁶	7.955	612
18Ni	7800	190	0.3	−	−	−

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