Effects of vent burst pressure on explosion characteristics of premixed hydrogen-air gases
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摘要: 利用自主设计的5.00 m长矩形管道，对氢气体积分数为30%的氢气-空气预混气体进行了不同破膜压力（pv）下的系列燃爆实验，重点研究了pv对管道内外火焰传播行为及爆炸超压的影响。实验结果表明：管道内的火焰传播行为受pv影响显著。在靠近泄爆口的压力传感器所监测的压力-时间曲线上，可以观察到3个压力峰值（pb、pout、pext），分别对应于铝膜破裂、燃烧混合物泄放以及外部爆炸，大多数情况下，pb为最大压力峰值。管道内部最大超压随着pv升高而增大，但最大内部超压出现的位置受pv的影响。管道外部火焰传播行为与pv有关，但不同pv下外部火焰的最大长度无明显差异。最大外部超压与pv之间呈现非单调变化规律。Abstract: By using a self-designed 5.00-m-long duct with a cross-section of 0.30 m × 0.30 m, a seris of experiments were performed on premixed hydrogen-air gases in which volume fraction of hydrogen was 30%. And the effects of vent burst pressure (pv) on the flame propagation and pressure-time histories in the duct were experimentally iveatigated. The explosion flames were recorded by a high-speed camera at a frequency of 2.5 kHz. Five piezoelectric pressure transducers were employed to record the internal and external overpressure. The duct had been evacuated using a vacuum pump before the experiment, and the premixed hydrogen-air gases with volume fraction of 30% was prepared according to Dalton’s law of partial pressure. The variation of the vent burst pressure was achieved by changing the thickness of the aluminum foil which was used as vent cover. The results show that the first three stages of the flame structure in the duct are hemispherical, finger-shaped and tulip flame, respectively. pv has a significant effect on the structure of tulip flame and its subsequent development. Three pressure peaks (pb, pout, pext) can be distinguished from the pressure-time histories monitored by the pressure transducer near the vent, corresponding to three different generation mechanisms: burst of the aluminum film, venting of burned mixtures, and the external explosion, respectively. The three pressure peaks increase with an increase in pv. pb is the dominant pressure peak in most cases. The maximum internal overpressure increases as pv increases, and the position where the maximum internal overpressure was measured depended on pv. The maximum internal overpressure was obtained at the center of the duct (PT2) when pv≤42 kPa, but near the open end of the duct (PT3) if pv>42 kPa. When the flame reached the vent, it ejected from the vent and then ignited the external combustible cloud. Therefore, the external explosion is triggered. pv significantly affects the flame evolution outside the duct, but there is no significant difference in the maximum length of the external flame at various pv. A non-monotonic trend between the maximum external overpressure and pv was observed.
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Key words:
- hydrogen /
- vent burst pressure /
- flame propagation /
- explosion overpressure /
- external explosion
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图 2 破膜压力186 kPa时管道内的典型火焰图像
Figure 2. Typical flame images inside the duct at the vent burst pressure of 186 kPa
图 3 破膜压力186 kPa时火焰前沿位置和火焰传播速度
Figure 3. Location of flame front and flame speed at the vent burst pressure of 186 kPa
图 4 不同破膜压力下管道内的典型火焰传播图像
Figure 4. Typical flame propagation images inside the duct under different vent burst pressures
图 5 不同破膜压力下内部压力-时间曲线
Figure 5. Internal pressure-time histories under different vent burst pressures
图 6 压力峰值与破膜压力之间的关系
Figure 6. Relationships between the pressure peaks and the vent burst pressure
图 7 最大内部超压与破膜压力之间的关系
Figure 7. Relationships between the maximum internal overpressures and the vent burst pressure
图 8 破膜压力为14和71 kPa时管道外部的火焰传播图像
Figure 8. Flame propagation images outside the duct at the vent burst pressures of 14 and 71 kPa
图 9 破膜压力为14和71 kPa时外部压力-时间曲线
Figure 9. External pressure-time histories at the vent burst pressures of 14 and 71 kPa
图 10 最大外部超压与破膜压力之间的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between the maximum external overpressure and the vent burst pressure
表 1 不同厚度铝膜的静态破膜压力
Table 1. Static vent burst pressure for various thicknesses of aluminum film
铝膜厚度/mm 静态破膜压力1/kPa 静态破膜压力2/kPa 平均值/kPa 0.025 13 14 14 0.050 27 27 27 0.075 41 43 42 0.125 68 73 71 0.175 97 102 100 0.225 128 134 131 0.325 182 190 186 
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