点火能量对单基发射药燃烧爆炸特性的影响

亢澎霖; 李小东; 刘文杰; 孙彦涛; 关云飞; 马智刚; 赵子文

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2022-0452

点火能量对单基发射药燃烧爆炸特性的影响

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2022-0452

中北大学环境与安全工程学院，山西太原 030051

详细信息

作者简介:
亢澎霖（1997－），男，硕士研究生，446060341@qq.com

通讯作者:
李小东（1978－），男，教授，博士生导师，lixd78@126.com

中图分类号: O383; TJ5
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- 文章访问数: 269
- HTML全文浏览量: 66
- PDF下载量: 94
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-19
- 修回日期: 2023-03-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-11
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-05

Influence of the ignition energy on combustion and explosion characteristics of single-base propellant

College of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China

摘要

摘要: 为了探究点火能量对单基发射药燃烧爆炸特性的影响，自主设计了发射药燃烧爆炸试验装置。使用黑火药对单基发射药点火，开展燃烧爆炸实验。通过对铝制鉴定板及约束钢筒内壁烧蚀痕迹的分析，获得不同点火能量对单基发射药燃烧爆炸特性的影响。结果表明，点火初期约束钢筒内发射药燃烧反应不完全，反应剧烈程度较弱；随着距点火端距离增大，发射药燃烧反应剧烈程度变强，但此时反应仍不完全；在约束钢筒末端发射药反应完全。在4.0、5.0和8.0 kJ点火能量下，发射药点火初期到反应剧烈程度迅速增强的成长距离分别为54.66、53.95和19.38 cm。20.0 kJ能量点火初期发射药反应剧烈程度较强，传播至末端时发射药发生爆燃反应，鉴定板产生明显凹痕；发射药在约束钢筒内不同位置分别发生了缓慢燃烧、快速燃烧和爆燃。
- 点火能量 /
- 发射药 /
- 燃烧爆炸 /
- 烧蚀直径 /
- RGB和值
Abstract: A device was developed to experimentally explore the influences of the ignition energy on the combustion and explosion characteristics of single-base propellant. In order to control the ignition energy on the single-base propellant, the black powders with different masses were used to ignite the propellant in the combustion and explosion experiment. By analyzing the ablative traces on the inner wall of the witness plate and the confining steel cylinder, the combustion and explosion development process of the single-base propellant was discussed, and the influences of different ignition energies on the combustion and explosion characteristics of the single-base-propellant were obtained. The results show that, at the beginning of ignition, the combustion reaction of the propellant in the confining steel cylinder is incomplete and the reaction is weak according to the larger ablation trace diameter and lighter ablation trace color. After propagating a distance away from the ignition side, the combustion reaction becomes stronger, but the reaction is still incomplete at this time, smaller ablation diameter and deeper ablation color. While propagating to the end of the confinging steel cylinder, the propellant reaction is complete and the severity of reaction is relatively large, seen from the smaller ablation diameter and the lighter ablation color. At the ignition energies of 4.0, 5.0 and 8.0 kJ, the growth distances from initial ignition to rapid increase of reaction intensity were 54.66, 53.95 and 19.38 cm, respectively. At the ignition energy of 20.0 kJ, the propellant reaction is already strong at the beginning and grows stronger enough to produce obvious dents on the witness plate while propagating to the end. Also at this ignition energy, slow combustion, fast combustion and deflagration occur in the reacion of the propellant, respectively at different positions in the confining steel cylinder. The study enlights that the ignition energy has reference significance for the design of propellant charge.
- ignition energy /
- propellant /
- combustion and explosion /
- ablation diameter /
- RGB summation

HTML全文

图 1 单基发射药燃烧爆炸实验系统

Figure 1. Combustion and explosion experiment system of single-base propellant

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图 2 单基发射药燃烧爆炸装置

Figure 2. Single-base propellant combustion and explosion device

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图 3 黑火药包及点火具

Figure 3. Black powder bag and ignition device

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图 4 单基发射药燃烧爆炸鉴定板烧蚀痕迹直径

Figure 4. Diameters of ablation traces on the combustion and explosion witness plate of the single-base propellant

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图 5 不同点火能量条件下烧蚀痕迹直径曲线

Figure 5. Ablation trace diameter curves under different ignition energy conditions

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图 6 单基发射药不同反应剧烈程度湍流扩散角对比

Figure 6. Comparison of turbulent flow spread angle of single-base propellant with different reaction intensity

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图 7 单基发射药燃烧爆炸鉴定板烧蚀痕迹RGB和值

Figure 7. RGB summation of the ablation traces on the witness plate by the combustion of the single-base propellant

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图 8 不同点火能量条件下烧蚀痕迹RGB和值曲线

Figure 8. RGB summation curves of ablation traces under different ignition energy conditions

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图 9 20 kJ点火能量对单基发射药燃烧爆炸鉴定板实验结果

Figure 9. Test results of 20 kJ ignition energy on combustion and explosion witness plate of single base-propellant

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图 10 约束钢筒内壁燃烧痕迹

Figure 10. Trace of the combustion wall in confined steel cylinder

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图 11 20 kJ点火能量下发射药燃烧爆炸过程示意图

Figure 11. Schematic diagram of the propellant combustion and explosion process under 20 kJ energy ignition

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图 12 20 kJ点火能量下约束钢筒内不同位置药柱燃烧过程

Figure 12. Combustion process of the propellant grain at different positions in the confined steel cylinder under 20 kJ energy ignition

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表 1 不同点火能量条件下黑火药装药质量及长度

Table 1. Quality and length of black powder charge under different ignition energy conditions

点火能量/kJ 黑火药装药质量/g 黑火药装药长度/cm

4.0 1.39 5.34
5.0 1.72 6.05
8.0 2.77 10.62
20.0 6.91 26.37

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表 2 不同点火能量条件下断裂痕迹出现位置

Table 2. Location of fracture traces under different ignition energy conditions

点火能量/
kJ 断面痕迹出现
位置/mm 断面痕迹出现位置与
点火位置距离/mm

4.0 560.0 506.6
5.0 510.0 449.5
8.0 560.0 453.8
20.0 465.0 201.3

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