摘要:
为解决装药安全可靠性能实验成本高、强过载环境测试难度大等瓶颈问题，以等效模拟弹体侵彻钢板时内部装药过载环境力为目标，基于数值模拟仿真方法，设计了装药加载模拟实验装置，并开展了装药过载环境力等效模拟实验，突破了同时满足加载压力大于1GPa和脉冲宽度大于100μs的技术难点。结果表明，弹丸侵彻钢板装药受到的过载为正弦波单脉冲。波形调整器不仅能够调控加载到待测药表面的波形，还能对压力值的衰减产生大幅影响。随着波形调整器厚度增大，加载在待测药表面的压力逐渐减小，脉冲宽度显著增大，随着飞片厚度增大，飞片获得的驱动速度逐渐减小，加载在待测药表面的压力明显减小，脉冲宽度变化不明显。装药加载模拟实验装置形成的脉冲特征值与弹丸侵彻钢靶过程的数值模拟仿真结果对比，超压峰值误差最高为5.71%，脉宽误差最高为14.8%，均低于15%，验证了实验系统模拟弹体侵彻钢靶时装药的加载状态的等效性。
Abstract:
In order to solve the bottleneck problems such as the high cost of charge safety and reliability test and the difficulty of strong overload environment test, the overload environment of the charge when the projectile penetrates the steel plate was simulated by using AUTODYN finite element numerical simulation software, aiming at the equivalent simulation of the overload environmental force of the internal charge when the projectile penetrates the steel plate. Based on the parameters of waveform, pressure peak and pulse width obtained from the simulation, a charge loading simulation experimental device composed of initiation system, loading system, auxiliary system and pressure test system was designed, and the charge overload environmental force equivalent simulation experiment was carried out. To a certain extent, the equivalence of the charge loading state when the experimental system simulated the projectile penetrating the steel target at the speed of 500~1200m/s was verified, which broke through the requirement that the loading pressure was greater than 1GPa and the pulse width was greater than 100μs. The results indicate that the overload pulse received by the projectile penetrating the steel plate charge is a sine wave monopulse. The waveform adjuster can not only regulate the generated waveform, but also have a significant impact on the attenuation of pressure values. As the thickness of the waveform adjuster increases, the pressure loaded on the surface of the test drug gradually decreases, and the pulse width significantly increases. As the thickness of the flyer increases, the driving speed obtained by the flyer gradually decreases, and the pressure loaded on the surface of the test drug significantly decreases, with no significant change in pulse width. The comparison between the pulse characteristic values formed by the loading simulation test device and the numerical simulation results of the projectile penetrating the steel target shows that the maximum error of the overpressure peak is 5.71%, and the maximum error of the first peak pulse width is 14.8%, both lower than 15%. This verifies the equivalence of the loading state of the propellant when the test system simulates the projectile penetrating the steel target.
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