反应破片对带壳装药的冲击效应

赵宇峰; 段继; 冯顺山

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0063

反应破片对带壳装药的冲击效应

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2024-0063

赵宇峰^1,,
段继²,
冯顺山^3, ,

1.
中北大学航空宇航学院，山西太原 030051
2.
中北大学机电工程学院，山西太原 030051
3.
北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081

基金项目: 山西省基础研究计划（202203021222074，20210302124340）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵宇峰（1987－　），男，博士，讲师，zhaoyufeng0613@126.com

通讯作者:
冯顺山（1952－　），男，硕士，教授，ssfeng@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号: TJ55; O389
计量
- 文章访问数: 105
- HTML全文浏览量: 13
- PDF下载量: 75
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-07
- 修回日期: 2024-06-01
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-06

A study of the failure of cased charge under impact of reactive fragments

1.
School of Aerospace Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China
2.
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究反应破片对带壳装药的冲击毁伤效应，通过弹道实验和AUTODYN有限元仿真，结合由等效破片初速和等效格尼速度表征的带壳装药各失效等级判据，获得并对比了惰性破片和反应破片冲击下带壳装药的等效破片初速、等效格尼速度、带壳装药的反应持续时间、鉴证靶破坏情况和炸药层峰值压力，分析了反应破片靶后释能特点对带壳装药失效的影响。结果表明：惰性破片可使带壳装药发生正常爆轰失效；反应破片穿靶后的动能与化学能叠加效应弱，只能使带壳装药发生爆燃失效或爆炸失效，带壳装药的等效格尼速度与格尼速度的比值为0.014~0.233，炸药层峰值压力为1.04~3.62 GPa。
- 反应破片 /
- 等效破片初速 /
- 等效格尼速度 /
- 带壳装药 /
- 爆燃
Abstract: Reactive fragments are composed of multifunctional impact reactive structural materials. After reactive fragments penetrate the front target of warhead, the debris cloud generated by the sufficient reaction of reactive material will damage the medium behind the target in the form of kinetic energy-chemical energy coupling damage. Ballistic impact experiments and finite element simulations were conducted to investigate the impact damage effect of reactive fragments on cased charge. Based on the criteria for failure levels of cased charge characterized by equivalent fragments initial velocity and equivalent gurney velocity, the ratio of the equivalent gurney velocity under abnormal detonation conditions to gurney velocity or the ratio of the equivalent fragments initial velocity under abnormal detonation conditions to the fragments initial velocity is used to measure the reaction violence of the cased charge. Equivalent gurney velocity of cased charge under impact of inert fragments and reactive fragments, response duration of cased charge, the damage of the authentication target, and the peak pressure of explosive layer are compared. The influence of energy release characteristics of reactive fragments on the failure of cased charge is also analyzed. The results show that explosive detonate under the impact of inert fragments, while explosive deflagrate or explode under the impact of reactive fragments. The steel verification target only presents significant circular pit during explosive detonation. The explosive detonation process captured by high-speed photography is on the microsecond scale, while the explosive explosion or deflagration process is on the millisecond scale. Under the penetration of six reactive fragments, the corresponding ratio of equivalent gurney velocity to gurney velocity ranges from 0.014 to 0.233, which is far below the ratio of equivalent gurney velocity to gurney velocity under the condition of inert fragments penetrating cased charges. By using AUTODYN, the peak pressure at the observation point on the axis of the cased charge during detonation failure under the penetration of inert fragments ranges from 17.3 to 34.5 GPa, while the peak pressure of cased charge during deflagration failure under the penetration of reactive fragments ranges from 1.04 to 3.62 GPa, which is far below the critical detonation pressure. Based on the ratio of the equivalent gurney velocity to gurney velocity, the peak pressure of explosive and superimposed effect of kinetic energy and chemical energy of reactive fragments, the idea that it is difficult to detonate cased charge under the penetration of reactive fragments is proposed.
- reactive fragments /
- equivalent fragments initial velocity /
- equivalent gurney velocity /
- cased charge /
- deflagration

HTML全文

图 1 轴对称等壁厚带壳装药结构一端轴线起爆条件下破片初速随弹轴的分布

Figure 1. Axial distribution of fragments velocity of axial symmetry and equal wall thickness cased charge under one axis detonating condition

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图 2 实验的布局示意图及现场布置

Figure 2. Schematic of terminal ballistic experimental setup and experiment environment

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图 3 带壳装药

Figure 3. Experimental target

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图 4 仿真模型示意图

Figure 4. Schematic of simulation model

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图 5 破片冲击带壳装药后的钢鉴证靶表面

Figure 5. Damage of steel identification target after fragments impacting cased charge

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图 6 破片冲击带壳装药后试件失效的典型高速摄影照片

Figure 6. Typical high-speed photography of specimen failure after fragments impacting cased charge

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图 7 破片冲击带壳装药仿真结果

Figure 7. Simulation results of fragments impacting cased charge

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图 8 惰性破片冲击带壳装药时壳体观测点的峰值压力时程曲线

Figure 8. Peak pressure history at the observation point of the casing when inert fragments impacting cased charge

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图 9 反应破片作用下炸药各观测点的峰值压力

Figure 9. Peak pressure at observation points of explosives under the impact of reactive fragments

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图 10 破片动能时程曲线

Figure 10. Kinetic energy history of the fragments

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表 1 反应破片试件参数

Table 1. Parameters of reactive fragments

破片序号	破片类型	破片尺寸/mm	材料组成	质量/g
1	惰性破片	Ф12×12	45钢	10.44
2	反应破片	Ф12×18	DU/PTFE	16.46
3	反应破片	Ф12×18	Al/PTFE	4.32
4	反应破片	Ф12×18	DU/PTFE	16.27
5	反应破片	Ф12×18	DU/PTFE	7.32
6	反应破片	Ф12×18	DU/PTFE	7.40
7	反应破片	Ф12×18	DU/PTFE	12.53

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表 2 Al/PTFE材料的强度模型参数和状态方程参数^[19]

Table 2. Strength model parameters and equation of state parameters of Al/PTFE^[19]

强度模型参数						状态方程参数
A₀/MPa	B₀/MPa	n	C₀	m	T_m/K	C₁/(m·s⁻¹)	S₁	γ₀
8.044	250.6	1.8	0.4	1.426	500	1450	2.2584	0.9

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表 3 反应破片和惰性破片冲击带壳装药的实验结果对比

Table 3. Comparison of experimental results between reactive fragments and inert fragments impacting cased charge

破片序号	着靶速度/(m·s⁻¹)	v_xSi/(m·s⁻¹)	$\sqrt{2E_{{\mathrm{S}}_i}} $/(m·s⁻¹)	k_Ei	鉴证靶破坏情况	炸药失效等级
1	1210	1198	2598.7	0.964	圆形凹坑	正常爆轰
2	934	290	629.1	0.233	无凹坑	爆炸
3	1298	17	36.9	0.014	无凹坑	爆燃
4	869	186	403.5	0.160	无凹坑	爆燃
5	888	159	344.9	0.128	无凹坑	爆燃
6	875	26	56.4	0.021	无凹坑	爆燃
7	927	132	286.3	0.106	无凹坑	爆燃

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表 4 惰性破片和反应破片3冲击带壳装药的实验与仿真结果对比

Table 4. Comparison of experimental and simulation results of inert fragments and reactive fragments impacting cased charge

破片序号	v_xSi			$\sqrt{2E_{{\mathrm{S}}_i}} $			k_Ei
破片序号	实验/(m·s⁻¹)	仿真/(m·s⁻¹)	误差/%	实验/(m·s⁻¹)	仿真/(m·s⁻¹)	误差/%	实验	仿真	误差/%
1	1198.0	1211.3	1.11	2598.7	2627.5	1.11	0.9640	0.9740	1.04
3	17.0	18.2	7.06	36.9	39.5	7.04	0.0137	0.0146	6.57

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