Variation of explosion strength parameters in hydrogen/titanium dust two-phase systems

JI Wentao; XIAO Haili; LYU Xianshu; HOU Zhenhai; MENG Lingxuan; WANG Yage; WANG Yan

doi:10.11883/bzycj-2025-0362

Volume 46 Issue 8

Aug. 2026

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JI Wentao, XIAO Haili, LYU Xianshu, HOU Zhenhai, MENG Lingxuan, WANG Yage, WANG Yan. Variation of explosion strength parameters in hydrogen/titanium dust two-phase systems[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2026, 46(8): 085401. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0362

Citation:

JI Wentao, XIAO Haili, LYU Xianshu, HOU Zhenhai, MENG Lingxuan, WANG Yage, WANG Yan. Variation of explosion strength parameters in hydrogen/titanium dust two-phase systems[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2026, 46(8): 085401. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0362

Citation:

JI Wentao, XIAO Haili, LYU Xianshu, HOU Zhenhai, MENG Lingxuan, WANG Yage, WANG Yan. Variation of explosion strength parameters in hydrogen/titanium dust two-phase systems[J]. Explosion And Shock Waves, 2026, 46(8): 085401. doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0362

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Variation of explosion strength parameters in hydrogen/titanium dust two-phase systems

doi: 10.11883/bzycj-2025-0362

JI Wentao^{1, 2, 3
,},
XIAO Haili^{1, 2, 3},
LYU Xianshu^{1, 2, 3},
HOU Zhenhai^{1, 2, 3},
MENG Lingxuan^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Yage^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Yan^{1, 2, 3
,
,}

1.
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China
2.
Explosion Dynamic Disaster Early Warning and Emergency Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China
3.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China

Received Date: 2025-11-04
Rev Recd Date: 2025-12-16

Available Online: 2025-12-23

Publish Date: 2026-08-05

Abstract

Abstract

The advancement of titanium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technologies and titanium manufacturing processes inherently involves the formation of hydrogen/titanium dust hybrid mixtures, which present substantial explosion hazards. To investigate the explosion behavior of such two-phase systems, this study systematically examined the variation patterns of explosion intensity parameters in hydrogen/titanium dust hybrid systems using a standardized 20 L spherical explosion vessel. The experimental matrix covers hydrogen volume fraction ranging from 0% to 30% and titanium dust mass concentrations from 100 to 700 g/m³. Specifically, titanium dust concentrations were tested at seven discrete levels (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 g/m³), while hydrogen volume fractions were selected at eight critical values (4%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 29%, and 30%). Dynamic parameters, including explosion pressure and rate of explosion pressure rise, were synchronously recorded. Furthermore, the phase composition and surface chemical states of explosion residues were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This integrated approach provides in-depth insights into the macroscopic evolution of explosion intensity with varying gas-solid ratios and elucidates the underlying microscopic reaction mechanisms. Experimental results demonstrate that hydrogen volume fraction critically modulates explosion severity. The explosion pressure exhibits a characteristic three-stage dependence on hydrogen volume fraction: it initially decreases, reaching a minimum at 4% H₂, subsequently increases to a maximum at 29% H₂, and finally declines at higher volume fractions. Correspondingly, the maximum rate of pressure rise rate decreases to its lowest value at 4% H₂ before increasing continuously up to 30% H₂. The maximum explosion pressure shows an analogous trend, peaking at 29% H₂ after an initial reduction, while the maximum rate of pressure rise reaches its minimum at 4% H₂ and peaks at 30% H₂. Residue analysis indicates that at low hydrogen volume fraction (<4%), incomplete oxidation of titanium predominates, thereby reducing explosion intensity. Beyond the critical threshold of 4% H₂, hydrogen self-combustion promotes titanium-nitrogen reactions and facilitates the transition from heterogeneous to homogeneous combustion, significantly enhancing explosion severity. This investigation provides fundamental insights into the explosion dynamics of hydrogen/titanium dust mixtures and delivers essential parameters for risk assessment and safety mitigation in related industrial applications.
- titanium powder,
- hydrogen,
- two-phase system,
- explosion pressure,
- explosion pressure rise rate

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References(30)

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